Women have a tendency to retain water during part of the menstrual cycle because estrogen mimics the action of what?
ADH
Natriuretic peptide
Oxytocin
Aldosterone
The Correct Answer is D
A. ADH (antidiuretic hormone) promotes water retention by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys. Estrogen does not mimic the action of ADH.
B. Natriuretic peptide promote sodium excretion, which leads to water loss, not retention. Estrogen does not mimic this action.
C. Oxytocin is primarily involved in labor and lactation, not water retention. Estrogen does not mimic oxytocin's effects.
D. Aldosterone promotes sodium and water retention by increasing sodium reabsorption in the kidneys. Estrogen can mimic the action of aldosterone, leading to water retention during certain phases of the menstrual cycle.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Luteinizing hormone (LH); testosterone: Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates the interstitial cells (Leydig cells) of the testes to produce and secrete testosterone.
B. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); androgen-binding protein (ABP): Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the Sertoli cells to produce androgen-binding protein (ABP), but it does not stimulate the interstitial cells to secrete testosterone.
C. Luteinizing hormone (LH); androgen-binding protein (ABP): Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates the secretion of testosterone, not androgen-binding protein (ABP). ABP is stimulated by FSH.
D. Luteinizing hormone (LH); estrogen: Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates the secretion of testosterone, not estrogen. Estrogen is primarily produced in females and also in males in smaller amounts.
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
A. Urethra: The urethra is a part of the urinary system that carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
B. Ureter: The ureters are tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. They are part of the urinary system.
C. Kidney: The kidneys are the primary organs of the urinary system responsible for filtering blood and producing urine.
D. Urinary bladder: The urinary bladder is an organ in the urinary system that stores urine before it is excreted.
E. Liver: The liver is not an organ of the urinary system. It plays a crucial role in metabolism, detoxification, and bile production, but it is part of the digestive system.