While performing an abdominal assessment on a patient, the nurse notes an abdomen shape similar to the rounded abdomen only greater. This contour is anticipated in pregnancy and seen in adults with ascites and obesity. What term should the nurse use to document this finding?
Rounded
Scaphoid
Flat
Protuberant
The Correct Answer is D
A. Rounded describes a normal abdomen but does not convey the greater extent of fullness seen in this case.
B. Scaphoid describes a concave abdomen, which does not apply to this situation.
C. Flat indicates no significant contour changes, which does not apply here.
D. Protuberant is the correct term, as it describes an abdomen that is significantly distended and is characteristic of conditions like pregnancy, ascites, or obesity.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The bell of the stethoscope is best used to listen for low-pitched sounds, including some types of murmurs, and can help assess the quality and intensity of a cardiac murmur.
B. While palpation can provide some information about the heart's function (such as thrills), it is not the primary method for assessing the quality of a murmur.
C. A Doppler ultrasound device is used for measuring blood flow and can help in assessing murmurs but does not provide the quality assessment needed for characterizing a murmur.
D. Percussion is not typically used to evaluate murmurs; it is more useful for assessing the size and borders of organs.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Vitamin D deficiency is a modifiable risk factor because it can be addressed through dietary changes, supplements, and increased sun exposure.
B. A small-boned, thin frame is considered a nonmodifiable risk factor as it is a genetic characteristic that cannot be changed.
C. A personal history of fractures is also a nonmodifiable risk factor, as past fractures indicate an increased risk for future fractures and cannot be altered.
D. Age is a nonmodifiable risk factor, as it is an intrinsic characteristic that cannot be changed.