While obtaining a client’s health history related to smoking cigarettes, the nurse plans to determine the client’s smoking pack years. What information should the nurse obtain for this calculation? Select all that apply.
Packs of cigarettes smoked per day.
Number of attempts to quit smoking.
Client’s current age.
Age when the client started smoking.
Number of years the client smoked.
Correct Answer : A,D,E
Choice A rationale
Packs of cigarettes smoked per day is essential information for calculating smoking pack years.
Choice B rationale
The number of attempts to quit smoking is not required for calculating smoking pack years.
Choice C rationale
The client’s current age is not required for calculating smoking pack years.
Choice D rationale
The age when the client started smoking is necessary to determine the total number of years smoked.
Choice E rationale
The number of years the client smoked is essential for calculating smoking pack years.
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View Related questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Observing pupil size when focusing on a near object and then a far object assesses the accommodation reflex. This reflex involves the pupils constricting when focusing on a near object and dilating when focusing on a far object. This response is mediated by the parasympathetic nervous system and is a normal physiological reaction to changes in focal distance.
Choice B rationale
Determining if dilation of the pupils occurs when the room is darkened assesses the pupillary light reflex, not accommodation. The pupillary light reflex involves the pupils dilating in low light conditions to allow more light to enter the eye, which is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system.
Choice C rationale
Noting the speed of pupil constriction when a penlight is shined into the eye assesses the direct and consensual light reflexes. This test evaluates the function of the optic and oculomotor nerves and is not related to the accommodation reflex.
Choice D rationale
Comparing the shape of each of the pupils bilaterally with normal room light assesses for anisocoria or differences in pupil size, which can indicate neurological issues. This assessment does not evaluate the accommodation reflex.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Recent over-the-counter infection cures are less relevant compared to the physical characteristics of the lymph nodes when assessing for potential malignancy.
Choice B rationale
The number of indoor cats at home is not directly related to the assessment of enlarged lymph nodes in the axilla.
Choice C rationale
Nontender firm lymph nodes are a significant finding that may indicate a more serious underlying condition, such as malignancy. This information is crucial for the healthcare provider to determine the next steps in diagnosis and treatment.
Choice D rationale
The amount of daily caffeine consumption is not relevant to the assessment of enlarged lymph nodes in the axilla