While auscultating a client’s abdomen, the nurse hears a low-pitched blowing sound in the upper midline area. Which is the likely indication of this finding?
A minor variation.
Normal borborygmus sounds.
Possible renal artery stenosis.
Hyperactive bowel sounds.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
A minor variation may refer to a benign finding or a slight deviation from the norm. However, a low-pitched blowing sound in the upper midline area would not typically be considered a minor variation and may warrant further investigation.
Choice B rationale
Borborygmi are normal bowel sounds characterized by gurgling, rumbling, or growling noises produced by the movement of gas and fluid in the intestines. However, a low-pitched blowing sound in the upper midline area would not typically be described as normal borborygmi.
Choice C rationale
A low-pitched blowing sound in the upper midline area could indicate a renal artery bruit, which is a sign of renal artery stenosis. Renal artery stenosis is a narrowing of the renal artery, often due to atherosclerosis, which can lead to decreased blood flow to the kidneys. A renal artery bruit may be auscultated over the renal arteries and is indicative of turbulent blood flow through the narrowed artery.
Choice D rationale
Hyperactive bowel sounds are typically characterized by loud, high-pitched gurgles heard throughout the abdomen. They are often associated with increased intestinal motility, such as in gastroenteritis or diarrhea, rather than a low-pitched blowing sound in the upper midline area.
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Correct Answer is ["C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The right side of the heart is not specifically associated with the loudest heart sounds for S1 or S213.
Choice B rationale
The center of the heart is not specifically associated with the loudest heart sounds for S1 or S213.
Choice C rationale
The apex of the heart is where S1 is loudest. S1 is caused by the closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves and is best heard at the apex.
Choice D rationale
The base of the heart is where S2 is loudest. S2 is caused by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves and is best heard at the base.
Choice E rationale
The left side of the heart is not specifically associated with the loudest heart sounds for S1 or S213.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Increasing the intake of red meat is not advisable for clients with elevated serum uric acid levels, as red meat is high in purines, which can exacerbate gout symptoms.
Choice B rationale
Splinting the affected joint may provide temporary relief from pain, but it does not address the underlying issue of elevated serum uric acid levels.
Choice C rationale
Encouraging fluid intake is essential for clients with elevated serum uric acid levels, as it helps to dilute the urine and promote the excretion of uric acid, reducing the risk of gout attacks.
Choice D rationale
Measuring urine output is important for monitoring kidney function, but it does not directly address the management of elevated serum uric acid levels.