Which technique would the nurse use to perform scoliosis screening in a school-age child?
Have the child bend at the waist.
Measure the distance between the knees and the ankles.
Measure the length of each leg.
Ask the child to walk across the room.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Having the child bend at the waist allows the nurse to observe the spine for any abnormal curvature indicative of scoliosis, such as uneven shoulders or a rib hump.
B. Measuring the distance between the knees and the ankles is not a technique used to screen for scoliosis; it is more related to assessing leg length discrepancies.
C. Measuring the length of each leg does not assess for scoliosis but is more relevant for evaluating leg length inequalities.
D. Asking the child to walk across the room is useful for assessing gait and balance but does not directly assess for scoliosis.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and a high HCO3- level; this does not match the provided values.
B. Metabolic acidosis would show a low pH and a low HCO3-, which does not match the findings.
C. The pH is high (7.45) while the Paco2 is low (30 mm Hg), indicating respiratory alkalosis. The low HCO3- could be a compensatory mechanism but does not change the primary interpretation of respiratory alkalosis.
D. Respiratory acidosis would be indicated by a low pH and a high Paco2, which is not the case here.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. This description relates more to a sensory discrimination test, not graphesthesia.
B. This option does not accurately describe the graphesthesia test, which involves identifying shapes or numbers rather than just touch location.
C. In the graphesthesia test, the client closes their eyes while the nurse uses a blunt object to write a number or shape in the client's palm, and the client must identify what was written. This assesses the ability to recognize letters or numbers drawn on the skin.
D. This option describes a two-point discrimination test rather than graphesthesia, which focuses on identifying drawn shapes or numbers.