Which renal structure is responsible for producing hypertonic urine by reabsorbing water while allowing metabolic wastes and NaCl to pass through?
Glomerulus
Collecting duct
Nephron loop (loop of Henle)
Proximal convoluted tubule
The Correct Answer is B
A. Glomerulus is involved in filtering blood but not in producing hypertonic urine.
B. Collecting duct reabsorbs water and concentrates urine, making it hypertonic.
C. Nephron loop (loop of Henle) creates a concentration gradient in the medulla that helps in water reabsorption but is not the primary site for final urine concentration. This option is partially correct but less specific than the collecting duct.
D. Proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs a significant portion of water and solutes but does not produce hypertonic urine.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. K+: Potassium (K+) is the most abundant cation in the intracellular fluid (ICF). This is the correct answer.
B. Ca2+: Calcium (Ca2+) is not the most abundant cation in the ICF; it is found in lower concentrations within cells compared to potassium.
C. Cl-: Chloride (Cl-) is the most abundant anion in the extracellular fluid (ECF), not in the intracellular fluid.
D. Na: Sodium (Na) is the most abundant cation in the extracellular fluid (ECF), not in the intracellular fluid.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Uterine tube: Fertilization typically occurs in the uterine tube (also known as the fallopian tube). The sperm travels from the cervix through the uterus and into the uterine tube, where it meets and fertilizes the egg.
B. Uterus: The uterus is where the fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus, but it is not where fertilization occurs.
C. Ovary: The ovary is where eggs are produced and released during ovulation, but fertilization does not occur here.
D. Urinary bladder: The urinary bladder is part of the urinary system, not the reproductive system, and has no role in fertilization.