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Which of the following statements about Group B Streptococcus (GBS) in pregnancy is true?

A.

GBS can only be transmitted to the baby during cesarean delivery.

B.

GBS is a common bacterium found in the vaginal flora of women and is harmless in all cases.

C.

Screening for GBS is typically performed at the first prenatal visit.

D.

Intravenous antibiotics during labor are recommended for GBS-positive mothers to prevent neonatal infection.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

GBS can be transmitted to the baby during both vaginal and cesarean deliveries if the mother is colonized with the bacteria. It is not limited to cesarean sections, hence why appropriate screening and treatment are essential.

 

Choice B rationale

GBS, although often harmless in the general population, can cause severe infections in newborns. This bacterium can be a source of severe neonatal infections like sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis, necessitating preventive measures during pregnancy and delivery.

 

Choice C rationale

Screening for GBS is typically performed between 35 and 37 weeks of gestation, not at the first prenatal visit. This timing ensures accurate detection of the bacteria closer to the time of delivery.

 

Choice D rationale

Intravenous antibiotics during labor are recommended for mothers who test positive for GBS to prevent transmission to the baby. This intervention significantly reduces the risk of neonatal GBS infection.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Phototherapy is a treatment for jaundice but is not a preventive measure. It is used after jaundice has been identified to reduce bilirubin levels in the newborn.

Choice B rationale

Suctioning excess mucus with a bulb syringe helps clear the newborn’s airways but does not have a direct role in preventing jaundice. Jaundice is related to bilirubin metabolism, not

mucus accumulation.

Choice C rationale

Preparing for an exchange blood transfusion is an intervention for severe hyperbilirubinemia but is not a preventive measure for jaundice. It is used when bilirubin levels are

extremely high.

Choice D rationale

Initiating early feeding helps to promote bowel movements, which assists in the excretion of bilirubin from the body. This is an effective preventive measure for jaundice, as it helps

reduce the chances of bilirubin buildup.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Decreased deep tendon reflexes are not typically associated with preeclampsia. In fact, hyperreflexia or increased deep tendon reflexes might be observed due to central nervous

system irritability in preeclampsia.

Choice B rationale

Uterine contractions are related to labor and not a specific indicator of preeclampsia. While they might occur simultaneously, they are not diagnostic of preeclampsia.

Choice C rationale

Proteinuria, the presence of excess protein in the urine, is a key diagnostic criterion for preeclampsia. It indicates kidney involvement and is used along with elevated blood pressure to diagnose this condition.

Choice D rationale

Increased blood glucose levels are associated with gestational diabetes rather than preeclampsia. Elevated blood pressure and proteinuria are the hallmarks of preeclampsia.

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