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Which of the following statements about Group B Streptococcus (GBS) in pregnancy is true?

A.

GBS can only be transmitted to the baby during cesarean delivery.

B.

GBS is a common bacterium found in the vaginal flora of women and is harmless in all cases.

C.

Screening for GBS is typically performed at the first prenatal visit.

D.

Intravenous antibiotics during labor are recommended for GBS-positive mothers to prevent neonatal infection.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

GBS can be transmitted to the baby during both vaginal and cesarean deliveries if the mother is colonized with the bacteria. It is not limited to cesarean sections, hence why appropriate screening and treatment are essential.

 

Choice B rationale

GBS, although often harmless in the general population, can cause severe infections in newborns. This bacterium can be a source of severe neonatal infections like sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis, necessitating preventive measures during pregnancy and delivery.

 

Choice C rationale

Screening for GBS is typically performed between 35 and 37 weeks of gestation, not at the first prenatal visit. This timing ensures accurate detection of the bacteria closer to the time of delivery.

 

Choice D rationale

Intravenous antibiotics during labor are recommended for mothers who test positive for GBS to prevent transmission to the baby. This intervention significantly reduces the risk of neonatal GBS infection.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","G"]

Explanation

Choice A: Respiratory assessment

The newborn is exhibiting signs of respiratory distress, such as mild grunting, nasal flaring, and intermittent retractions. These symptoms indicate potential respiratory issues that need immediate attention.

Choice B: Hemoglobin

The newborn's hemoglobin level is 9 g/dL, which is below the normal range of 14 to 24 g/dL2. This indicates anemia, which can affect the baby's oxygen-carrying capacity and overall health.

Choice C: Serum glucose

The newborn's serum glucose level is 38 mg/dL, which is below the normal range of 40 to 45 mg/dL2. Hypoglycemia in newborns can lead to serious complications if not addressed promptly.

Choice D: Heart rate

The newborn's heart rate is 180 beats per minute, which is above the normal range for a newborn (normal range: 120-160 beats per minute)2. This tachycardia could be a response to stress or an underlying condition that needs evaluation.

Choice G: Hematocrit

The newborn's hematocrit level is 35%, which is below the normal range of 44% to 64%2. This further supports the presence of anemia and the need for intervention2

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Methylergonovine (Methergine) is contraindicated in clients with hypertension because it can cause severe hypertension by increasing vascular resistance, leading to potential complications such as stroke.

Choice B rationale

Oxytocin (Pitocin) is used to induce labor and control postpartum hemorrhage and does not significantly increase blood pressure, making it safe for use in hypertensive patients.

Choice C rationale

Carboprost (Hemabate) is used to control severe postpartum hemorrhage and does not have significant effects on blood pressure. It is generally safe for hypertensive patients.

Choice D rationale

Misoprostol (Cytotec) is used for postpartum hemorrhage management and does not significantly affect blood pressure, making it safe for hypertensive patients.

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