Which of the following statements about Group B Streptococcus (GBS) in pregnancy is true?
GBS can only be transmitted to the baby during cesarean delivery.
GBS is a common bacterium found in the vaginal flora of women and is harmless in all cases.
Screening for GBS is typically performed at the first prenatal visit.
Intravenous antibiotics during labor are recommended for GBS-positive mothers to prevent neonatal infection.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
GBS can be transmitted to the baby during both vaginal and cesarean deliveries if the mother is colonized with the bacteria. It is not limited to cesarean sections, hence why appropriate screening and treatment are essential.
Choice B rationale
GBS, although often harmless in the general population, can cause severe infections in newborns. This bacterium can be a source of severe neonatal infections like sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis, necessitating preventive measures during pregnancy and delivery.
Choice C rationale
Screening for GBS is typically performed between 35 and 37 weeks of gestation, not at the first prenatal visit. This timing ensures accurate detection of the bacteria closer to the time of delivery.
Choice D rationale
Intravenous antibiotics during labor are recommended for mothers who test positive for GBS to prevent transmission to the baby. This intervention significantly reduces the risk of neonatal GBS infection.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The fetal heartbeat cannot typically be heard via Doppler as early as 4 weeks of pregnancy. At this stage, the heart is still developing, and it is too soon for external detection with a Doppler device.
Choice B rationale
The fetal heartbeat is generally detectable by an external Doppler device around 10-12 weeks of pregnancy. This is the period when the heartbeat is strong enough to be picked up by the device.
Choice C rationale
Feeling the baby move, known as "quickening," typically occurs around 18-24 weeks of pregnancy, not 6 weeks. This sensation is different from hearing the heartbeat.
Choice D rationale
While the heart begins to form around week 5, it is not detectable by Doppler at 6 weeks. The technology does not have the sensitivity to detect such an early heartbeat externally.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
G4T1 P1 A1 L2 implies the client has been pregnant 4 times, with 1 term birth, 1 preterm birth, 1 abortion, and 2 living children. This does not include the correct number of
pregnancies or abortions for this client.
Choice B rationale
G5T2 P0 A2 L2 indicates 5 pregnancies, 2 term births, no preterm births, 2 abortions, and 2 living children. This does not correctly account for the preterm birth and abortion history
provided.
Choice C rationale
G5T1 P1 A2 L2 is the correct answer, as it denotes 5 pregnancies (including the current one), 1 term birth, 1 preterm birth, 2 abortions, and 2 living children, aligning with the client's
history.
Choice D rationale
G5T1 P1 A1 L3 indicates 5 pregnancies, 1 term birth, 1 preterm birth, 1 abortion, and 3 living children. The client has only 2 living children, so this is incorrect.