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Which of the following statements about Group B Streptococcus (GBS) in pregnancy is true?

A.

GBS can only be transmitted to the baby during cesarean delivery.

B.

GBS is a common bacterium found in the vaginal flora of women and is harmless in all cases.

C.

Screening for GBS is typically performed at the first prenatal visit.

D.

Intravenous antibiotics during labor are recommended for GBS-positive mothers to prevent neonatal infection.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

GBS can be transmitted to the baby during both vaginal and cesarean deliveries if the mother is colonized with the bacteria. It is not limited to cesarean sections, hence why appropriate screening and treatment are essential.

 

Choice B rationale

GBS, although often harmless in the general population, can cause severe infections in newborns. This bacterium can be a source of severe neonatal infections like sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis, necessitating preventive measures during pregnancy and delivery.

 

Choice C rationale

Screening for GBS is typically performed between 35 and 37 weeks of gestation, not at the first prenatal visit. This timing ensures accurate detection of the bacteria closer to the time of delivery.

 

Choice D rationale

Intravenous antibiotics during labor are recommended for mothers who test positive for GBS to prevent transmission to the baby. This intervention significantly reduces the risk of neonatal GBS infection.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Open heart surgery is unrelated to the development of vaginal fistulas.

Choice B rationale

Tissue trauma from childbirth can cause vaginal fistulas, as prolonged labor or obstetric interventions can damage vaginal tissue and lead to fistula formation.

Choice C rationale

Diabetes mellitus does not directly cause vaginal fistulas, although it can affect overall tissue health and healing.

Choice D rationale

Preeclampsia, while a serious pregnancy complication, is not a direct cause of vaginal fistulas.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Prolapsed cord involves the umbilical cord descending into the birth canal ahead of the fetus, which is a critical emergency but presents differently, typically with changes in fetal

heart rate and the cord being palpable or visible.

Choice B rationale

Abruptio placentae is characterized by the premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall, which can cause severe abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and is a medical

emergency requiring immediate intervention to prevent maternal and fetal complications.

Choice C rationale

Placenta previa involves the placenta partially or completely covering the cervical opening, which can cause painless vaginal bleeding but does not typically present with severe

abdominal pain.

Choice D rationale

Incompetent cervix is associated with painless cervical dilation and potential preterm labor but not typically with severe abdominal pain and acute vaginal bleeding as seen with

abruptio placentae

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