Which of the following signs are commonly associated with fluid volume deficit (hypovolemia)? (Select All that Apply.)
Orthostatic hypotension
Bradycardia
Decreased skin turgor
Weight gain
Pulmonary edema
Correct Answer : A,C
A. Orthostatic hypotension is a common sign of hypovolemia, as the lack of fluid volume can lead to a drop in blood pressure when changing positions.
B. Bradycardia is not typically associated with fluid volume deficit; tachycardia is more common as the body tries to compensate for low blood volume.
C. Decreased skin turgor is a classic sign of dehydration and fluid volume deficit, indicating reduced skin elasticity.
D. Weight gain is associated with fluid volume overload, not deficit.
E. Pulmonary edema is related to fluid volume overload or congestive heart failure, not hypovolemia.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cortisol levels are not directly affected by furosemide; monitoring for adrenal function is not a priority.
B. Bicarbonate levels are not specifically monitored for clients on furosemide; this medication's main effect does not relate directly to bicarbonate balance.
C. Albumin levels are not primarily affected by furosemide; although low albumin can affect fluid status, it is not the critical monitoring focus.
D. Potassium levels should be monitored because furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to hypokalemia, which is a common and significant side effect due to increased renal excretion of potassium.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Obstructive shock occurs when blood flow is physically obstructed, such as in cases of pulmonary embolism or cardiac tamponade, which is not indicated here as the cause is blood loss.
B. Septic shock is related to infection and systemic inflammatory response, not directly caused by blood loss.
C. Hypovolemic shock is caused by a significant loss of blood volume, leading to decreased blood pressure, which directly relates to the client losing 800 mL of blood during surgery. This condition results in inadequate perfusion and oxygen delivery to tissues.
D. Neurogenic shock results from spinal cord injuries leading to vasodilation and bradycardia, which is not applicable to this scenario.