Which of the following provides fetal nutrition and secretes hormones that regulate pregnancy and fetal development
The endometrium
The placenta
The blastocyst
The myometrium
The Correct Answer is B
A. The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus that supports the embryo after implantation, but it does not provide direct fetal nutrition or secrete hormones for fetal development.
B. The placenta is the organ that provides fetal nutrition, gas exchange, and waste removal. It also secretes hormones such as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), progesterone, and estrogen, which are essential for maintaining pregnancy and supporting fetal development.
C. The blastocyst is the early stage of the embryo that implants into the endometrium, but it does not provide fetal nutrition or secrete pregnancy-regulating hormones.
D. The myometrium is the muscular layer of the uterus responsible for contractions during labor, but it does not provide fetal nutrition or secrete hormones.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Oral cavity is involved in chemical digestion through the action of salivary enzymes like amylase.
B. Stomach is involved in chemical digestion with gastric acids and pepsin.
C. Small intestine is a major site for chemical digestion and nutrient absorption.
D. Large intestine is primarily involved in the absorption of water and electrolytes and the formation of feces. It is less involved in chemical digestion compared to the other organs listed.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Destroy ingested pathogens: HCl in the stomach helps destroy ingested pathogens, providing a first line of defense against infections. Therefore, this is a correct function of HCl.
B. Convert Fe3+ to Fe2+: HCl aids in the conversion of iron from its ferric (Fe3+) to ferrous (Fe2+) form, which is more easily absorbed in the intestine. Therefore, this is a correct function of HCl.
C. Emulsify lipids: Emulsification of lipids is the function of bile, not hydrochloric acid. HCl does not emulsify lipids. This is the correct answer.
D. Activate pepsinogen to pepsin: HCl activates pepsinogen, converting it to the active enzyme pepsin, which is essential for protein digestion in the stomach. Therefore, this is a correct function of HCl.