Which of the following is the most common phlebotomy complication?
Convulsions
Petechiae
Hematoma
Hypovolemia
The Correct Answer is C
A. Convulsions: Convulsions are not a common complication of phlebotomy; they are unrelated to the procedure.
B. Petechiae: Petechiae are small red spots that can occur but are less common than hematomas in phlebotomy.
C. Hematoma: A hematoma, or bruise, is the most common complication resulting from the accumulation of blood outside the vein after a blood draw.
D. Hypovolemia: Hypovolemia, or low blood volume, is not a common complication from routine phlebotomy.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Place the arm electrodes facing downward. The arm electrodes should be placed with the tabs facing downward to reduce the risk of artifacts on the EKG tracing caused by movement or improper lead contact.
B. Place the electrodes over bony prominences when possible. Electrodes should not be placed over bony prominences, as this can interfere with the accuracy of the EKG reading. Instead, they should be placed on soft tissue.
C. Place the leg electrodes downward. Leg electrodes should also be placed with the tabs facing downward to prevent artifacts, similar to the arm electrodes.
D. Place the chest electrodes in a straight line just below the nipple. Chest electrodes should be placed according to specific anatomical landmarks, not in a straight line, to ensure accurate heart rhythm tracing.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Pull the lower eyelid down. Pulling the lower eyelid down creates a pocket for the drops, making it easier to administer them without contacting the eye’s surface directly.
B. Have the patient open their eye using both hands: Using both hands to open the eye may be uncomfortable and unnecessary; the assistant should guide the patient gently.
C. Use a retractor on the eye before administering the drops: Retractors are not typically used for eye drop administration; this can cause discomfort and is not standard practice.
D. Hold the dropper 1 inch away from the surface of the eye: The dropper should be held close enough to the eye to avoid contaminating the eye surface or the dropper, but not so close as to touch the eye.