Which of the following is not involved in chemical digestion?
Oral cavity
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
The Correct Answer is D
A. Oral cavity is involved in chemical digestion through the action of salivary enzymes like amylase.
B. Stomach is involved in chemical digestion with gastric acids and pepsin.
C. Small intestine is a major site for chemical digestion and nutrient absorption.
D. Large intestine is primarily involved in the absorption of water and electrolytes and the formation of feces. It is less involved in chemical digestion compared to the other organs listed.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Cutaneous transpiration: While cutaneous transpiration (evaporation of sweat from the skin) contributes to water loss, it is not the primary mechanism controlling water output.
B. Drinking: Drinking affects water intake rather than output. It does not directly control how much water is excreted from the body.
C. Urine volume: Urine volume is the primary means by which the body regulates water output. The kidneys adjust urine volume to maintain fluid balance and homeostasis.
D. Sweating: Sweating contributes to water loss but is not the primary mechanism for controlling overall water output compared to urine production.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Glomerulus is involved in filtering blood but not in producing hypertonic urine.
B. Collecting duct reabsorbs water and concentrates urine, making it hypertonic.
C. Nephron loop (loop of Henle) creates a concentration gradient in the medulla that helps in water reabsorption but is not the primary site for final urine concentration. This option is partially correct but less specific than the collecting duct.
D. Proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs a significant portion of water and solutes but does not produce hypertonic urine.