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Which of the following is not involved in chemical digestion?

A.

Oral cavity

B.

Stomach

C.

Small intestine

D.

Large intestine

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Oral cavity is involved in chemical digestion through the action of salivary enzymes like amylase. 

 

B. Stomach is involved in chemical digestion with gastric acids and pepsin.

 

C. Small intestine is a major site for chemical digestion and nutrient absorption. 

 

D. Large intestine is primarily involved in the absorption of water and electrolytes and the formation of feces. It is less involved in chemical digestion compared to the other organs listed. 
 


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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Chief cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl); parietal cells: Pepsinogen is produced by chief cells, and it is activated into pepsin by hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by parietal cells.

B. Chief cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH); parietal cells: Chief cells produce pepsinogen, but it is not activated by carbonic anhydrase. Instead, it is activated by HCl.

C. Parietal cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH); chief cells: Pepsinogen is produced by chief cells, not parietal cells, and its activation involves HCl, not carbonic anhydrase.

D. Parietal cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl); chief cells: Pepsinogen is produced by chief cells, not parietal cells, and is activated by HCl.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Fundus is the upper part of the stomach, which does not regulate the flow of contents to the duodenum.

B. Gastric rugae are folds in the stomach lining that allow for expansion but do not regulate the flow of contents to the duodenum.

C. Pyloric sphincter controls the flow of partially digested food (chyme) from the stomach into the duodenum.

D. Antrum is the lower portion of the stomach that helps in mixing and grinding food but does not directly regulate its flow to the duodenum.