Which of the following is not involved in chemical digestion?
Oral cavity
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
The Correct Answer is D
A. Oral cavity is involved in chemical digestion through the action of salivary enzymes like amylase.
B. Stomach is involved in chemical digestion with gastric acids and pepsin.
C. Small intestine is a major site for chemical digestion and nutrient absorption.
D. Large intestine is primarily involved in the absorption of water and electrolytes and the formation of feces. It is less involved in chemical digestion compared to the other organs listed.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein: The major chemical buffer systems in the body are the bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein buffer systems.
B. Glucose is not a buffering system; it is a primary energy source.
C. Magnesium is a mineral with various physiological roles but not a major chemical buffer system.
D. Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism, not a buffer system.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Ca2+: prevents the entrance of any more sperm- While calcium ions play a role in the slow block to polyspermy, the fast block involves sodium ions.
B. Na+: prevents the entrance of more Na- The fast block to polyspermy involves sodium ions (Na+), but the depolarization of the egg membrane prevents the entrance of more sperm, not just more Na+.
C. Na+: prevents the entrance of Ca2+. The fast block prevents additional sperm from entering, not calcium ions.
D. Na+: prevents the entrance of any more sperm: The fast block to polyspermy involves the opening of sodium ion channels, leading to depolarization of the egg membrane. This depolarization prevents other sperm from binding to and penetrating the egg.