Which of the following is a violation of sterile technique?
Reaching over the field
Maintaining a 1-inch border around the edge of the sterile field
Holding all sterile articles at waist level
Facing the sterile field
The Correct Answer is A
A. Reaching over the field: Reaching over a sterile field can contaminate it by introducing microorganisms from outside the sterile area.
B. Maintaining a 1-inch border around the edge of the sterile field: Maintaining a 1-inch border is a standard practice to ensure that the edges of the sterile field are not contaminated.
C. Holding all sterile articles at waist level: Holding sterile articles above the waist level is the recommended practice to prevent contamination. Holding them at waist level is considered acceptable as long as the items do not touch non-sterile surfaces.
D. Facing the sterile field: Facing the sterile field while working is part of maintaining sterile technique, as it ensures that you do not accidentally move toward the sterile field and contaminate it.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Alcohol-based sanitizer: Alcohol-based sanitizers are effective for hand hygiene when there is no visible dirt or grease. They are generally used for routine hand antisepsis in situations where hands are not visibly soiled. For procedures involving body fluids, if hands are visibly soiled, traditional handwashing with soap and water is preferred.
B. Disinfectant scrub: Disinfectant scrubs are generally used for cleaning surfaces and are not appropriate for personal hand hygiene.
C. Antiseptic solution: Antiseptic solutions are used for cleaning skin before injections or procedures, not typically for hand hygiene.
D. Liquid soap: Liquid soap is suitable for handwashing, especially when hands are visibly soiled or after exposure to body fluids. In the context of body fluids, soap and water would be preferable to ensure effective removal of contaminants.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Physicians' Desk Reference: The Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) provides drug information and is not used for diagnostic coding. It includes details about medications, such as their uses, dosages, and side effects.
B. CPT manual: The CPT (Current Procedural Terminology) manual is used to find codes for procedures and services provided by healthcare professionals, not diagnostic codes.
C. HCPCS: The Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) is primarily used for coding supplies, equipment, and services not included in the CPT manual. It is not used for diagnostic coding.
D. ICD-10-CM coding manual: The ICD-10-CM (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification) manual is the correct reference for finding diagnostic codes, including those for arteriosclerotic heart disease.