Which of the following is a violation of sterile technique?
Reaching over the field
Maintaining a 1-inch border around the edge of the sterile field
Holding all sterile articles at waist level
Facing the sterile field
The Correct Answer is A
A. Reaching over the field: Reaching over a sterile field can contaminate it by introducing microorganisms from outside the sterile area.
B. Maintaining a 1-inch border around the edge of the sterile field: Maintaining a 1-inch border is a standard practice to ensure that the edges of the sterile field are not contaminated.
C. Holding all sterile articles at waist level: Holding sterile articles above the waist level is the recommended practice to prevent contamination. Holding them at waist level is considered acceptable as long as the items do not touch non-sterile surfaces.
D. Facing the sterile field: Facing the sterile field while working is part of maintaining sterile technique, as it ensures that you do not accidentally move toward the sterile field and contaminate it.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Deflate the cuff slowly until the last sound is heard. The diastolic reading is determined when the last sound (Korotkoff sound) is heard as the cuff is deflated.
B. Listen for the first sound through the stethoscope: The first sound corresponds to the systolic reading, not the diastolic.
C. Document the reading when the gauge needle jumps: The gauge needle jump is not a reliable indicator of blood pressure readings.
D. Inflate the cuff to at least 180 mm Hg, deflate the cuff slowly, and listen for the first sound: Inflating to 180 mm Hg is unnecessary and might cause discomfort; also, the first sound is the systolic reading, not the diastolic.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Allow the solution to flow from the inner to the outer canthus: This technique helps to flush out debris and contaminants while avoiding the spread of the solution into the unaffected eye.
B. Fill the syringe with 10 mL of the irrigating solution. The volume of the irrigating solution may vary, but 10 mL is not a standard quantity; the key is ensuring adequate flushing.
C. Don powdered gloves: Powdered gloves can cause irritation; non-powdered gloves are recommended for eye irrigation.
D. Direct the irrigation solution toward the cornea: The solution should not be directed toward the cornea to avoid damage; it should flow gently across the eye.