Which of the following is a step of the sanitization process?
Soak the instrument in hot water.
Rinse the instrument with a 10% bleach solution.
Soak the instrument in a 70% isopropyl alcohol solution.
Rinse the instrument under running water.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Soak the instrument in hot water: Hot water alone does not effectively sanitize instruments; proper sanitization typically requires cleaning agents and specific processes.
B. Rinse the instrument with a 10% bleach solution: While bleach is used for disinfection, it is not a step in the initial sanitization process.
C. Soak the instrument in a 70% isopropyl alcohol solution: Alcohol is used for disinfection rather than initial sanitization.
D. Rinse the instrument under running water: Rinsing the instrument under running water is a basic step in the sanitization process to remove visible debris before further cleaning and disinfection.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Blood vessel constriction: Epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor, meaning it causes blood vessels to narrow, which increases blood pressure and is often used in emergency situations like anaphylaxis.
B. Calming effect: Epinephrine does not have a calming effect; it stimulates the fight-or-flight response, increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness.
C. Decrease in blood pressure: Epinephrine increases blood pressure by causing vasoconstriction, not a decrease.
D. Pain control: Epinephrine is not used for pain control; it is used to treat severe allergic reactions, asthma attacks, and cardiac arrest.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Avoiding intense eye contact: Avoiding intense eye contact is generally respectful and can be appropriate depending on cultural norms.
B. Reassuring the patient by touching them: In some Muslim cultures, physical contact between individuals of the opposite gender who are not family members may be considered inappropriate.
C. Maintaining distance from the patient: Maintaining a respectful distance is generally appropriate and often preferred in various cultures.
D. Using gestures cautiously: Using gestures cautiously is respectful and avoids miscommunication.