Which of the following is a product of glycolysis?
Lactate
Carbon dioxide
Pyruvate
Acetyl-CoA
The Correct Answer is C
A. Lactate is produced during anaerobic metabolism (when oxygen is scarce) as a byproduct of glycolysis, but it is not the direct product of glycolysis itself.
B. Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of cellular respiration, specifically during the Krebs cycle, not glycolysis.
C. Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, where glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate.
D. Acetyl-CoA is formed from pyruvate during the transition step before the Krebs cycle, not directly from glycolysis.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Posterior pituitary releases hormones such as ADH (antidiuretic hormone), but it does not have aldosterone receptors.
B. Proximal convoluted tubule is involved in reabsorption, but it does not have aldosterone receptors.
C. Distal convoluted tubule: Aldosterone receptors are found in the cells of the distal convoluted tubule. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in this part of the nephron, which helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance.
D. Adrenal medulla produces catecholamines (e.g., adrenaline) but does not contain aldosterone receptors.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. the embryo; part of the placenta. The embryoblast (inner cell mass) will become the embryo, but the trophoblast will become part of the placenta, not the embryo.
B. part of the placenta; the embryo. The trophoblast forms part of the placenta and helps in its development, while the embryoblast (inner cell mass) will develop into the embryo.
C. part of the placenta; the yolk sac. While the trophoblast does contribute to the formation of the placenta, the embryoblast (inner cell mass) develops into the embryo, not the yolk sac. The yolk sac is derived from extraembryonic mesoderm and endoderm, not the inner cell mass directly.
D. the embryo; the yolk sac. The embryoblast (inner cell mass) develops into the embryo, but the trophoblast does not become the yolk sac. The yolk sac is formed from structures surrounding the embryo, not from the trophoblast itself.