Which of the following is a product of glycolysis?
Lactate
Carbon dioxide
Pyruvate
Acetyl-CoA
The Correct Answer is C
A. Lactate is produced during anaerobic metabolism (when oxygen is scarce) as a byproduct of glycolysis, but it is not the direct product of glycolysis itself.
B. Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of cellular respiration, specifically during the Krebs cycle, not glycolysis.
C. Pyruvate is the end product of glycolysis, where glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate.
D. Acetyl-CoA is formed from pyruvate during the transition step before the Krebs cycle, not directly from glycolysis.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The renal tubules reabsorb more water. If blood volume and pressure are too high, the body would aim to reduce them, not increase them further. Reabsorbing more water would increase blood volume.
B. The kidneys produce less urine. To lower blood volume and pressure, the kidneys would increase urine production, not decrease it.
C. ADH release is inhibited: ADH (antidiuretic hormone) promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to increased blood volume and pressure. When blood volume and pressure are too high, the body inhibits ADH release to promote water excretion and lower blood volume and pressure.
D. The renal tubules reabsorb more sodium. Reabsorbing more sodium would lead to water retention, increasing blood volume and pressure, which is the opposite of what the body needs when blood volume and pressure are already high.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Glomerular capillaries are involved in the filtration of blood to form the glomerular filtrate, not in the reabsorption of glucose and amino acids.
B. Proximal convoluted tubule is where the majority of glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream.
C. Renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule and is involved in the filtration process, not in reabsorption.
D. Distal convoluted tubule is involved in the fine-tuning of electrolyte and acid-base balance, not in the primary reabsorption of glucose and amino acids.