Which of the following is a method of contracting hepatitis B?
Exposure to a mosquito bite
Consumption of raw shellfish
Blood splashes to the mucous membranes
Direct skin contact with a patient who is infected
The Correct Answer is C
A. Exposure to a mosquito bite: Hepatitis B is not transmitted through mosquito bites. It is primarily transmitted through contact with infected body fluids, particularly blood.
B. Consumption of raw shellfish: Hepatitis A, not Hepatitis B, can be contracted through the consumption of contaminated food or water, including raw shellfish.
C. Blood splashes to the mucous membranes: Hepatitis B can be transmitted through exposure to infected blood or body fluids, including splashes to mucous membranes (e.g., eyes, mouth).
D. Direct skin contact with a patient who is infected: Hepatitis B is not transmitted through casual skin contact. It requires contact with infected body fluids.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Stand to the side of the patient: Standing to the side may make communication more difficult for a patient with vision impairment.
B. Provide large-print materials: Large-print materials can help the patient read and understand information more easily, accommodating their vision impairment.
C. Use exaggerated gestures: Exaggerated gestures can be confusing or unnecessary and do not address the specific needs of a patient with vision impairment.
D. Increase voice tone: Increasing the volume of speech is not typically helpful for a patient with vision impairment; they need visual aids rather than auditory adjustments.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Assist the patient into the prone position: The prone position (lying face down) is not suitable for eye irrigation and may make the procedure more difficult.
B. Position the patient with their head turned toward the affected side: Turning the patient’s head toward the affected side helps to ensure that the irrigation fluid drains away from the unaffected eye and is more effective in flushing out debris or irritants.
C. Flush the patient's eye from the outer to the inner canthus: Flushing from the inner to the outer canthus is preferred to prevent contaminating the unaffected eye and to ensure effective irrigation.
D. Instruct the patient to hold their affected eye open: The patient should be instructed to keep their eye open, but it is more important to ensure proper positioning and technique during the irrigation.