Which of the following is a common treatment for seizures?
Anticonvulsants
Anticoagulants
Antibiotics
Antidepressants
The Correct Answer is A
A. Anticonvulsants: Anticonvulsants are the primary treatment to control and prevent seizures by stabilizing neuronal activity.
B. Anticoagulants: Anticoagulants are used to prevent blood clots, not seizures.
C. Antibiotics: Antibiotics treat infections, which may cause seizures indirectly, but they are not used to treat seizures themselves.
D. Antidepressants: Antidepressants manage mood disorders, not seizure activity.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. "I should place a cool mist humidifier in his room.": Children with Down Syndrome often have narrow nasal passages and a tendency toward respiratory infections. A cool mist humidifier helps keep the airways moist, reducing irritation and easing breathing.
B. "I should expect him to have frequent diarrhea.": Diarrhea is not a common symptom associated with Down Syndrome; constipation is more frequent due to low muscle tone.
C. "I should expect him to grow faster in length than other infants.": Infants with Down Syndrome tend to have slower growth rates and may not reach the same length or weight milestones as peers.
D. "I should avoid the use of lotion on his skin.": Infants with Down Syndrome often have dry, sensitive skin, and the use of lotion is encouraged to prevent dryness and cracking.
Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Clear CSF: Clear CSF is typically seen in viral meningitis or normal findings, not bacterial meningitis.
B. Cloudy CSF: Cloudy CSF indicates the presence of infection and is characteristic of bacterial meningitis.
C. Negative gram stain: A negative gram stain indicates the absence of bacterial pathogens, which is not consistent with bacterial meningitis.
D. Decreased glucose content: Bacteria consume glucose, leading to decreased glucose levels in bacterial meningitis.
E. Positive gram stain: A positive gram stain confirms the presence of bacterial organisms in the CSF, supporting a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.