Which of the following is a common symptom of meningitis?
Cough
Joint pain
Fever
Abdominal pain
The Correct Answer is C
A. Cough: A cough is more commonly associated with respiratory infections, not meningitis.
B. Joint pain: Joint pain is not a primary symptom of meningitis but may occur in other conditions.
C. Fever: Fever is a hallmark symptom of meningitis, reflecting the body’s immune response to infection.
D. Abdominal pain: Abdominal pain is not typically associated with meningitis.
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Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Clear CSF: Clear CSF is typically seen in viral meningitis or normal findings, not bacterial meningitis.
B. Cloudy CSF: Cloudy CSF indicates the presence of infection and is characteristic of bacterial meningitis.
C. Negative gram stain: A negative gram stain indicates the absence of bacterial pathogens, which is not consistent with bacterial meningitis.
D. Decreased glucose content: Bacteria consume glucose, leading to decreased glucose levels in bacterial meningitis.
E. Positive gram stain: A positive gram stain confirms the presence of bacterial organisms in the CSF, supporting a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.
Correct Answer is ["A","D"]
Explanation
A. Clear the area of hard objects: This prevents injury to the child during the seizure.
B. Place a tongue depressor in the child's mouth: This is contraindicated as it can cause injury to the oral cavity or obstruct the airway.
C. Place the child in prone position: This position is unsafe during a seizure and could compromise the airway. The lateral position is recommended to reduce aspiration risk.
D. Loosen restrictive clothing: Loosening clothing promotes easier breathing and comfort during the seizure.