Which of the following instructions should a medical assistant give to a patient who is scheduled for a GTT?
"Avoid alcohol for 48 hours prior to the test."
"Do not eat for 8 hours prior to the test."
"Limit physical exertion for 24 hours prior to the test."
"Eat a high carbohydrate meal 3 hours prior to the test."
The Correct Answer is B
A. "Avoid alcohol for 48 hours prior to the test.": While avoiding alcohol may be generally recommended for some tests, fasting is the primary requirement for a glucose tolerance test (GTT).
B. "Do not eat for 8 hours prior to the test.": A GTT typically requires fasting for 8-12 hours to accurately measure glucose levels.
C. "Limit physical exertion for 24 hours prior to the test.": Physical exertion is not typically a specific concern for a GTT, but fasting is essential.
D. "Eat a high carbohydrate meal 3 hours prior to the test.": A high carbohydrate meal is not required; fasting is necessary before the test.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A patient who has a breathing disorder: Fowler’s position (sitting with the head of the bed elevated) can help ease breathing difficulties by allowing better lung expansion.
B. A patient who has severe hypotension: Fowler’s position may exacerbate hypotension. A supine or Trendelenburg position might be more appropriate for severe hypotension.
C. A patient who is having a perineal examination: A lithotomy position is generally used for perineal examinations.
D. A patient who is having a rectal examination: The Sims' position is typically used for rectal examinations.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Near visual acuity: Hyperopia, or farsightedness, affects the ability to see objects up close. Testing near visual acuity assesses how well a patient can see objects at a close range.
B. Ishihara: The Ishihara test is used for detecting color vision deficiencies, not hyperopia.
C. Snellen chart: The Snellen chart tests distance vision and is more useful for assessing nearsightedness (myopia) rather than farsightedness (hyperopia).
D. Tonometry: Tonometry measures intraocular pressure to assess for glaucoma, not hyperopia.