Which of the following instructions should a medical assistant give to a patient who is scheduled for a GTT?
"Avoid alcohol for 48 hours prior to the test."
"Do not eat for 8 hours prior to the test."
"Limit physical exertion for 24 hours prior to the test."
"Eat a high carbohydrate meal 3 hours prior to the test."
The Correct Answer is B
A. "Avoid alcohol for 48 hours prior to the test.": While avoiding alcohol may be generally recommended for some tests, fasting is the primary requirement for a glucose tolerance test (GTT).
B. "Do not eat for 8 hours prior to the test.": A GTT typically requires fasting for 8-12 hours to accurately measure glucose levels.
C. "Limit physical exertion for 24 hours prior to the test.": Physical exertion is not typically a specific concern for a GTT, but fasting is essential.
D. "Eat a high carbohydrate meal 3 hours prior to the test.": A high carbohydrate meal is not required; fasting is necessary before the test.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Sig: This is correct. "Sig" (short for "signatura") is the section where the provider’s directions to the patient regarding how to take the medication are written.
B. Schedule: The schedule typically refers to the drug classification, not directions for the patient.
C. Superscription: The superscription includes the Rx symbol and is not where the directions are listed.
D. Subscription: The subscription includes instructions to the pharmacist on how to prepare the medication, not directions for the patient.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Deflate the cuff slowly until the last sound is heard. The diastolic reading is determined when the last sound (Korotkoff sound) is heard as the cuff is deflated.
B. Listen for the first sound through the stethoscope: The first sound corresponds to the systolic reading, not the diastolic.
C. Document the reading when the gauge needle jumps: The gauge needle jump is not a reliable indicator of blood pressure readings.
D. Inflate the cuff to at least 180 mm Hg, deflate the cuff slowly, and listen for the first sound: Inflating to 180 mm Hg is unnecessary and might cause discomfort; also, the first sound is the systolic reading, not the diastolic.