Which of the following has an abundance of lymphoid tissue in the mucosa and submucosa?
Small intestine
Stomach
Large intestine
Esophagus
The Correct Answer is A
A. Small intestine, particularly the ileum, contains Peyer's patches, which are abundant lymphoid tissues in the mucosa and submucosa. These structures are part of the immune system, protecting the body from pathogens in the digestive tract.
B. Stomach: While the stomach has some lymphoid tissue, it does not have as much as the small intestine, specifically the Peyer's patches.
C. Large intestine has lymphoid nodules, but it does not contain as much lymphoid tissue as the small intestine.
D. Esophagus has very little lymphoid tissue compared to the small intestine, as its primary function is to transport food rather than participate in immune defense.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Minerals are absorbed directly into the bloodstream, not through lacteals.
B. Glucose is absorbed directly into the bloodstream through capillaries, not through lacteals.
C. Amino acids are absorbed into the bloodstream through capillaries, not through lacteals.
D. Triglycerides are absorbed by the lacteals in the small intestine. Lacteals are lymphatic vessels that transport absorbed lipids (including triglycerides) from the digestive tract.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein: The major chemical buffer systems in the body are the bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein buffer systems.
B. Glucose is not a buffering system; it is a primary energy source.
C. Magnesium is a mineral with various physiological roles but not a major chemical buffer system.
D. Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism, not a buffer system.