Which of the following has an abundance of lymphoid tissue in the mucosa and submucosa?
Small intestine
Stomach
Large intestine
Esophagus
The Correct Answer is A
A. Small intestine, particularly the ileum, contains Peyer's patches, which are abundant lymphoid tissues in the mucosa and submucosa. These structures are part of the immune system, protecting the body from pathogens in the digestive tract.
B. Stomach: While the stomach has some lymphoid tissue, it does not have as much as the small intestine, specifically the Peyer's patches.
C. Large intestine has lymphoid nodules, but it does not contain as much lymphoid tissue as the small intestine.
D. Esophagus has very little lymphoid tissue compared to the small intestine, as its primary function is to transport food rather than participate in immune defense.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Uterine tube: Fertilization typically occurs in the uterine tube (also known as the fallopian tube). The sperm travels from the cervix through the uterus and into the uterine tube, where it meets and fertilizes the egg.
B. Uterus: The uterus is where the fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus, but it is not where fertilization occurs.
C. Ovary: The ovary is where eggs are produced and released during ovulation, but fertilization does not occur here.
D. Urinary bladder: The urinary bladder is part of the urinary system, not the reproductive system, and has no role in fertilization.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. 32; 36. Aerobic respiration, including glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, can produce up to 36 ATP per glucose. Anaerobic fermentation, however, only produces 2 ATP per glucose, not 36.
B. 32; 2. Aerobic respiration, including glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, typically produces up to 36 ATP per glucose, though 32 is a commonly cited figure depending on the specifics of the process. Anaerobic fermentation produces 2 ATP per glucose. The discrepancy in ATP production is due to differences in efficiency and accounting for the energy yield in different conditions.
C. 2; about the same, varying from one tissue to another. Anaerobic fermentation produces 2 ATP per glucose, but aerobic respiration (including glycolysis and subsequent steps) produces up to 36 ATP. The "about the same" part is not accurate for aerobic versus anaerobic processes.
D. 32; none. Anaerobic fermentation does produce ATP, specifically 2 ATP per glucose. Aerobic respiration produces up to 36 ATP per glucose.
E. 36; about the same, varying from one tissue to another. Aerobic respiration can produce up to 36 ATP per glucose, and anaerobic fermentation produces only 2 ATP per glucose. The ATP production difference is significant and not “about the same.”