Which of the following formulas should a medical assistant use to determine a patient's pulse rate?
Take the patient's pulse for 5 seconds and multiply by 10.
Take the patient's pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 2.
Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 4.
Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Take the patient's pulse for 5 seconds and multiply by 10: Measuring for 5 seconds and multiplying by 10 is less accurate due to the short measurement time.
B. Take the patient's pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 2: While this method is more accurate than taking it for 5 seconds, the recommended practice is to measure for 30 seconds for better accuracy.
C. Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 4: This would be used to determine a pulse rate per minute from a 15-second measurement, not 30 seconds.
D. Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2: This method provides a precise measurement of the pulse rate, as taking the pulse for 30 seconds and then multiplying by 2 gives the number of beats per minute.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Assist the patient into the prone position: The prone position (lying face down) is not suitable for eye irrigation and may make the procedure more difficult.
B. Position the patient with their head turned toward the affected side: Turning the patient’s head toward the affected side helps to ensure that the irrigation fluid drains away from the unaffected eye and is more effective in flushing out debris or irritants.
C. Flush the patient's eye from the outer to the inner canthus: Flushing from the inner to the outer canthus is preferred to prevent contaminating the unaffected eye and to ensure effective irrigation.
D. Instruct the patient to hold their affected eye open: The patient should be instructed to keep their eye open, but it is more important to ensure proper positioning and technique during the irrigation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A patient who has a breathing disorder: Fowler’s position (sitting with the head of the bed elevated) can help ease breathing difficulties by allowing better lung expansion.
B. A patient who has severe hypotension: Fowler’s position may exacerbate hypotension. A supine or Trendelenburg position might be more appropriate for severe hypotension.
C. A patient who is having a perineal examination: A lithotomy position is generally used for perineal examinations.
D. A patient who is having a rectal examination: The Sims' position is typically used for rectal examinations.