Which of the following formulas should a medical assistant use to determine a patient's pulse rate?
Take the patient's pulse for 5 seconds and multiply by 10.
Take the patient's pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 2.
Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 4.
Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Take the patient's pulse for 5 seconds and multiply by 10: Measuring for 5 seconds and multiplying by 10 is less accurate due to the short measurement time.
B. Take the patient's pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 2: While this method is more accurate than taking it for 5 seconds, the recommended practice is to measure for 30 seconds for better accuracy.
C. Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 4: This would be used to determine a pulse rate per minute from a 15-second measurement, not 30 seconds.
D. Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2: This method provides a precise measurement of the pulse rate, as taking the pulse for 30 seconds and then multiplying by 2 gives the number of beats per minute.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Ischemia: Ischemia refers to the lack of blood flow to tissues, which can lead to tissue damage or death, but it is not related to swelling due to fluid accumulation.
B. Edema: Edema is the correct term for tissue swelling caused by the accumulation of interstitial fluids, making this the correct choice.
C. Infarction: Infarction refers to tissue death due to a lack of blood supply, not to swelling caused by fluid accumulation.
D. Gangrene: Gangrene is the death of body tissue due to a lack of blood flow or severe infection, not related to fluid accumulation and swelling.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Alcohol-based sanitizer: Alcohol-based sanitizers are effective for hand hygiene when there is no visible dirt or grease. They are generally used for routine hand antisepsis in situations where hands are not visibly soiled. For procedures involving body fluids, if hands are visibly soiled, traditional handwashing with soap and water is preferred.
B. Disinfectant scrub: Disinfectant scrubs are generally used for cleaning surfaces and are not appropriate for personal hand hygiene.
C. Antiseptic solution: Antiseptic solutions are used for cleaning skin before injections or procedures, not typically for hand hygiene.
D. Liquid soap: Liquid soap is suitable for handwashing, especially when hands are visibly soiled or after exposure to body fluids. In the context of body fluids, soap and water would be preferable to ensure effective removal of contaminants.