Which of the following formulas should a medical assistant use to determine a patient's pulse rate?
Take the patient's pulse for 5 seconds and multiply by 10.
Take the patient's pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 2.
Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 4.
Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2.
The Correct Answer is D
A. Take the patient's pulse for 5 seconds and multiply by 10: Measuring for 5 seconds and multiplying by 10 is less accurate due to the short measurement time.
B. Take the patient's pulse for 15 seconds and multiply by 2: While this method is more accurate than taking it for 5 seconds, the recommended practice is to measure for 30 seconds for better accuracy.
C. Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 4: This would be used to determine a pulse rate per minute from a 15-second measurement, not 30 seconds.
D. Take the patient's pulse for 30 seconds and multiply by 2: This method provides a precise measurement of the pulse rate, as taking the pulse for 30 seconds and then multiplying by 2 gives the number of beats per minute.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Add thixotropic gel to the tube after venipuncture: Thixotropic gel is used in specific tubes for separating serum or plasma from blood cells and should be added during the manufacturing process, not after venipuncture.
B. Place the tubes in the centrifuge to chill after venipuncture to separate blood cells: Tubes should not be chilled before centrifugation unless specified by the test requirements. Most tubes are centrifuged at room temperature.
C. Invert additive tubes multiple times after filling the tube: Inverting additive tubes multiple times ensures proper mixing of the additive with the blood, which is crucial for accurate test results.
D. Mix the anticoagulant in the tube after filling the tube: The anticoagulant should be mixed by inverting the tube immediately after filling it, not after the fact.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Alcohol: Alcohol can be used for cleaning but may not be sufficient for all minor surgical preparations. It is not considered an antiseptic in the context of preoperative skin cleaning.
B. Normal saline: Normal saline is used for irrigation and wound cleaning but does not have antiseptic properties.
C. Disinfectant: Disinfectants are used to clean surfaces and equipment but are not typically used directly on the skin for surgical preparation.
D. Antiseptic: Antiseptics, such as iodine-based solutions or chlorhexidine, are used to clean the skin and reduce the risk of infection before a minor surgical procedure.