Which of the following body systems does meningitis affect?
Integumentary
Digestive
Central Nervous
Cardiopulmonary
The Correct Answer is C
A. Integumentary: Meningitis affects the central nervous system (CNS), not the skin, though a rash can sometimes appear with meningococcal meningitis.
B. Digestive: Digestive symptoms like nausea and vomiting may occur, but the primary system affected is the CNS.
C. Central Nervous: Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, which are protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord in the CNS.
D. Cardiopulmonary: Cardiopulmonary symptoms are not primary features of meningitis, though severe cases may affect vital systems indirectly.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. CBC: A CBC can indicate infection (elevated white blood cell count), but it is not specific for meningitis.
B. Urinalysis: Urinalysis is not relevant for diagnosing meningitis.
C. CT scan: A CT scan can detect complications like increased intracranial pressure but does not diagnose meningitis directly.
D. Lumbar puncture: A lumbar puncture allows direct analysis of CSF for glucose, protein, white blood cells, and organisms, which is definitive for diagnosing meningitis.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hide the medication in apple slices: This is inappropriate as the child might distrust caregivers if they realize the medication was hidden.
B. Offer the child an ice pop prior to administering the medication: An ice pop numbs taste buds and can reduce the unpleasant taste of medication.
C. Tell the child the medicine tastes like candy: Providing false information undermines trust and is unethical.
D. Inform the child that if he does not take the medication he will need a shot: Threats increase anxiety and do not foster cooperation.