Which instructions would the nurse provide to the client about the prevention and early detection of Lyme disease? Select all that apply.
Avoid the use of insect repellent on the skin and clothing because of its toxicity.
Avoid heavily wooded areas and areas with thick underbrush.
Wear dark clothing when walking in wooded areas.
Wear long-sleeved tops and long pants with closed shoes.
If a tick is found, report to the primary health care provider immediately for a blood test to detect the presence of Lyme disease.
Bathe after being in an infested area and inspect the body carefully for ticks.
Correct Answer : B,D,F
Choice A rationale
Avoiding the use of insect repellent on the skin and clothing is not recommended. Insect repellents containing DEET are effective in preventing tick bites, which can transmit Lyme disease. The toxicity of DEET is minimal when used as directed.
Choice B rationale
Avoiding heavily wooded areas and areas with thick underbrush is recommended to reduce the risk of tick exposure. Ticks that carry Lyme disease are commonly found in these environments.
Choice C rationale
Wearing dark clothing is not recommended as it makes it harder to spot ticks. Light-colored clothing is preferable as it allows for easier detection of ticks.
Choice D rationale
Wearing long-sleeved tops and long pants with closed shoes is recommended to minimize skin exposure and reduce the risk of tick bites.
Choice E rationale
Reporting to the primary health care provider immediately for a blood test if a tick is found is not necessary. The presence of a tick does not immediately indicate Lyme disease. Instead, the tick should be removed promptly, and the area should be monitored for signs of infection.
Choice F rationale
Bathing after being in an infested area and inspecting the body carefully for ticks is recommended. This helps in early detection and removal of ticks, reducing the risk of Lyme disease.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Diphenhydramine does not expand blood volume. It is an antihistamine used to prevent allergic reactions.
Choice B rationale
Diphenhydramine does not enhance clotting factors. It is used to manage allergic reactions.
Choice C rationale
While diphenhydramine can help manage fever and chills, its primary purpose before a blood transfusion is to prevent allergic reactions.
Choice D rationale
Administering diphenhydramine before a blood transfusion helps prevent urticaria and other allergic reactions by blocking histamine release. .
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Speaking loudly and into the client’s good ear is not recommended. Loud speech can be distorted and uncomfortable for individuals with presbycusis.
Choice B rationale
Using sign language is not necessary unless the client is proficient in it. Most clients with presbycusis benefit more from clear verbal communication.
Choice C rationale
Sitting by the client’s side and speaking very slowly is not as effective as speaking directly to the client in a normal, clear voice.
Choice D rationale
Speaking directly to the client in a normal, clear voice is recommended. This ensures that the client can read lips and understand the conversation better.