Which disorder is depicted in the image below?
Lordosis
Scoliosis
Kyphosis
Funnel chest
The Correct Answer is B
A. Lordosis is an exaggerated inward curvature of the lumbar spine.
B. Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine, often characterized by an "S" or "C" shape when viewed from behind. This is the disorder depicted in the image.
C. Kyphosis is an exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic spine, often leading to a hunchback appearance.
D. Funnel chest (pectus excavatum) is a condition where the breastbone sinks into the chest, creating a sunken appearance.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. An audiometer is used to assess hearing ability and is not appropriate for examining the tympanic membrane.
B. An ophthalmoscope is used to examine the interior of the eye and cannot assess tympanic membrane mobility.
C. A pneumatic otoscope is specifically designed for examining the tympanic membrane and allows for assessment of its mobility by using air pressure.
D. A tuning fork is used to evaluate hearing and vibration sense, not tympanic membrane mobility.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Cranial nerve VII (facial nerve) is not primarily responsible for hearing; however, it does have some sensory function in the ear region. The primary cranial nerve responsible for hearing is cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear), which is not listed among the options.
B. Cranial nerve X (vagus nerve) is primarily involved in autonomic functions and does not directly relate to hearing.
C. Cranial nerve I (olfactory nerve) is responsible for the sense of smell.
D. Cranial nerve II (optic nerve) is responsible for vision.