Which dietary instruction is most important for the nurse to explain to a client who has had gastric bypass surgery?
Sip fluids with each meal.
Reduce intake of fatty foods.
Eat small frequent meals.
Chew slowly and thoroughly.
The Correct Answer is C
A. While sipping fluids with meals can help prevent discomfort, it is generally recommended to avoid drinking fluids during meals to minimize the risk of overfilling the stomach.
B. Reducing intake of fatty foods is important, but it is not as critical as managing portion sizes and meal frequency after gastric bypass surgery.
C. Eating small frequent meals is crucial after gastric bypass surgery because it helps manage the reduced stomach capacity and promotes better nutrient absorption while preventing dumping syndrome and discomfort.
D. Chewing slowly and thoroughly is a good practice to aid digestion, but it is not as essential as the need for portion control and meal frequency following the surgery.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Internal bleeding typically presents with signs of hypovolemia, such as decreased blood pressure and increased heart rate, rather than pitting edema and jugular venous distention.
B. Right-sided heart failure is characterized by fluid overload, leading to symptoms like pitting edema in the extremities and jugular venous distention, which align with the findings observed in this client.
C. Left ventricular dysfunction primarily results in pulmonary congestion and respiratory distress rather than peripheral edema and jugular venous distention.
D. Cardiac tamponade may present with jugular venous distention, but it usually also involves hypotension and muffled heart sounds, which are not described in this scenario.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A headache that worsens upon sitting up is characteristic of a post-lumbar puncture headache, indicating a potential complication related to cerebrospinal fluid leakage.
B. Pain in the lower back after the procedure can be normal and does not necessarily indicate a complication.
C. Nausea and vomiting can occur but are not specific indicators of a complication following a lumbar puncture.
D. Sore throat when swallowing and talking is not typically associated with lumbar puncture complications and may relate to other causes such as anxiety or dehydration.