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Which diagnostic test is the most definitive test used to detect meningitis?

A.

CBC

B.

Urinalysis

C.

CT scan

D.

Lumbar puncture

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. CBC: A CBC can indicate infection (elevated white blood cell count), but it is not specific for meningitis.

 

B. Urinalysis: Urinalysis is not relevant for diagnosing meningitis.

 

C. CT scan: A CT scan can detect complications like increased intracranial pressure but does not diagnose meningitis directly.

 

D. Lumbar puncture: A lumbar puncture allows direct analysis of CSF for glucose, protein, white blood cells, and organisms, which is definitive for diagnosing meningitis.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Febrile episode: Fever is a common trigger for febrile seizures in children, especially between 6 months and 5 years.

B. Low blood lead levels: Elevated, not low, blood lead levels can increase the risk of seizures due to neurotoxicity.

C. Sodium imbalance: Both hyponatremia and hypernatremia can cause seizures by disrupting neuronal function.

D. Presence of diphtheria: Diphtheria does not directly increase the risk of seizures. Neurological complications are rare and secondary.

E. Hypoglycemia: Low blood sugar levels deprive the brain of energy, which can lead to seizures.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The child is confused and cannot remember anything regarding the seizure: Postictal confusion is normal after a seizure and does not require emergency services.

B. The child fell at the onset of the seizure: Falls can occur with seizures, but unless there is a suspected injury or prolonged seizure activity, calling 911 is unnecessary.

C. The seizure lasts more than 5 minutes: A seizure lasting more than 5 minutes is considered status epilepticus and is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention.

D. The child is sleepy and lethargic after the seizure: Postictal sleepiness is a common and expected phase after a generalized seizure.

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