Which diagnostic test is the most definitive test used to detect meningitis?
CBC
Urinalysis
CT scan
Lumbar puncture
The Correct Answer is D
A. CBC: A CBC can indicate infection (elevated white blood cell count), but it is not specific for meningitis.
B. Urinalysis: Urinalysis is not relevant for diagnosing meningitis.
C. CT scan: A CT scan can detect complications like increased intracranial pressure but does not diagnose meningitis directly.
D. Lumbar puncture: A lumbar puncture allows direct analysis of CSF for glucose, protein, white blood cells, and organisms, which is definitive for diagnosing meningitis.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. 20. Trisomy 20 is not associated with Down syndrome.
B. 21. Down syndrome results from an extra copy of chromosome 21, called Trisomy 21.
C. 22. Trisomy 22 leads to other syndromes but not Down syndrome.
D. 19. Trisomy 19 is incompatible with life and does not cause Down syndrome.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Speak slowly while facing the child: Facing the child helps them see lip movements and facial expressions, which aids communication.
B. Talk directly into the child's impaired ear: Shouting or talking directly into the ear is unhelpful and can distort sound further.
C. Stand above the child's eye level when speaking: Standing above the child can make communication difficult. The nurse should be at eye level to establish effective communication.
D. Speak loudly to the child: Speaking loudly can distort sound and is not helpful for a hearing-impaired child.