Which assessment should the nurse document when charting by exception?
Active bowel sounds in the lower right quadrant.
Contraction of the left pupil when light shines in the right eye.
Basilar lung sounds that are diminished in the left lung.
Capillary refill of 2 seconds in the lower right foot.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Active bowel sounds in the lower right quadrant are a normal finding and do not deviate from the established norm or expected outcome. Therefore, they do not need to be documented when charting by exception.
Choice B rationale
Contraction of the left pupil when light shines in the right eye is a normal consensual pupillary response. This is an expected finding and does not need to be documented when charting by exception.
Choice C rationale
Basilar lung sounds that are diminished in the left lung are not within normal limits and deviate from the expected outcome. This abnormal finding should be documented when charting by exception.
Choice D rationale
Capillary refill of 2 seconds in the lower right foot is a normal finding and does not deviate from the established norm or expected outcome. Therefore, it does not need to be documented when charting by exception.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Beginning the collection the next day is not necessary. The 24-hour urine collection can be started immediately with the next void. Delaying the collection may cause unnecessary inconvenience and prolong the client’s hospital stay.
Choice B rationale
Emptying the sample into the 24-hour container is incorrect because the first urine sample should be discarded to ensure that the collection starts with an empty bladder. Including the initial sample would result in inaccurate measurement of creatinine clearance.
Choice C rationale
Observing the sample for sediment is not relevant to the collection process for creatinine clearance. The focus should be on ensuring accurate timing and collection of all urine produced within the 24-hour period.
Choice D rationale
Starting the collection with the next void is the correct action. The 24-hour urine collection should begin with an empty bladder, and the first urine of the day is discarded. The time is noted, and all subsequent urine is collected for the next 24 hours. This ensures accurate measurement of creatinine clearance.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Encouraging increased fluid intake and measuring urinary output every 8 hours is not directly related to managing chronic pain. This intervention is more relevant for clients with conditions affecting fluid balance or renal function.
Choice B rationale
Providing comfort measures such as topical warm application and tactile massage can help alleviate chronic pain by promoting relaxation and improving blood circulation. These non- pharmacological interventions can be effective in managing pain and enhancing the client’s comfort.
Choice C rationale
Determining the client’s objective measure of pain using a numerical pain scale is essential for assessing the severity of pain and evaluating the effectiveness of pain management interventions. Accurate pain assessment is crucial for developing an appropriate plan of care.
Choice D rationale
Assisting the client to ambulate as much as possible during waking hours may not be feasible for clients with severe chronic pain. While physical activity is important, it should be balanced with the client’s pain levels and overall condition.
Choice E rationale
Implementing a 24-hour schedule of routine administration of prescribed analgesics ensures consistent pain relief and prevents breakthrough pain. Regular administration of analgesics is a key component of effectivepain management for clientswithchronic pain.