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Where are cells with aldosterone receptors found?

A.

Posterior pituitary

B.

Proximal convoluted tubule

C.

Distal convoluted tubule

D.

Adrenal medulla

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Posterior pituitary releases hormones such as ADH (antidiuretic hormone), but it does not have aldosterone receptors.

 

B. Proximal convoluted tubule is involved in reabsorption, but it does not have aldosterone receptors. 

 

C. Distal convoluted tubule: Aldosterone receptors are found in the cells of the distal convoluted tubule. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in this part of the nephron, which helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance.

 

D. Adrenal medulla produces catecholamines (e.g., adrenaline) but does not contain aldosterone receptors.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Y chromosome: The SRY gene on the Y chromosome codes for the testis-determining factor (TDF), which initiates the development of testes and male characteristics.

B. Gonadal ridges: The gonadal ridges are the precursor structures that develop into gonads but do not contain the gene for TDF.

C. X chromosome: The X chromosome contains genes important for development but does not code for TDF.

D. Fetal testes: The fetal testes produce testosterone but are not the source of the TDF gene.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Tubuloglomerular feedback involves the macula densa sensing changes in sodium chloride concentration and adjusting the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) via the juxtaglomerular apparatus.

B. Renal autoregulation includes mechanisms like the myogenic mechanism and tubuloglomerular feedback that maintain stable GFR despite blood pressure changes. This option is too broad and not specific to the mechanism described.

C. The myogenic mechanism refers to the smooth muscle's tendency to contract when stretched, helping to stabilize GFR by adjusting the diameter of the afferent arterioles. This is the correct answer.

D. Sympathetic control influences renal blood flow and GFR through hormonal and nervous system regulation, but it is not the specific mechanism described in the question.

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