When the nurse examines a toddler, she suggests to his mother that the activity that could most appropriately foster his developmental task according to Erikson would be to:
Read him a story every night.
Allow him to pull a talking-duck toy.
Feed him his lunch.
Have him watch a puppet show on television.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Reading a story every night is beneficial for cognitive and language development but does not specifically address the developmental task of autonomy versus shame and doubt, which is the focus for toddlers according to Erikson.
Choice B rationale
Allowing a toddler to pull a talking-duck toy fosters autonomy and independence, which are key aspects of Erikson’s developmental stage for toddlers. This activity encourages the child to explore and make choices independently.
Choice C rationale
Feeding the toddler his lunch does not promote autonomy. Instead, it may contribute to dependence, which is contrary to the developmental task of this age group.
Choice D rationale
Watching a puppet show on television is a passive activity that does not actively engage the child in developing autonomy or independence.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Puberty might be delayed if scrotal changes have not occurred by the age of 13½ to 14 years, not 11 years.
Choice B rationale
Changes in the voice occur during puberty but do not signal its beginning. Enlargement of the testicles is the first sign of puberty in boys.
Choice C rationale
Growth spurts in height typically occur toward the end of mid-puberty, making this the correct answer.
Choice D rationale
Gynecomastia, or the development of breast tissue in boys, commonly occurs during mid- puberty, not late puberty
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Keeping the child flat and applying pressure to the bridge of the nose is not effective for managing a nosebleed. The child should be in an upright position to reduce blood flow to the nose and prevent swallowing blood.
Choice B rationale
Turning the child’s head to the side and pressing on the nasal ridge is not the recommended approach for managing a nosebleed. The child should be in an upright position with pressure applied to the sides of the nose.
Choice C rationale
Sitting the child upright and applying pressure to the sides of the nose is the correct action. This position helps to reduce blood flow to the nose and applying pressure helps to stop the bleeding.
Choice D rationale
Elevating the head of the bed slightly and applying pressure to the forehead is not effective for managing a nosebleed. The child should be in an upright position with pressure applied to the sides of the nose to stop the bleeding. .