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When performing a cardiovascular assessment, what would the nurse understand about an S3 heart sound? Select all that apply

A.

Can be caused by a poorly compliant (stiff) ventricle

B.

Can occur with congestive heart failure

C.

Heard just after S1

D.

Always pathologic

Question Solution

Correct Answer : A,B,E

A. An S3 is often associated with a stiff or poorly compliant ventricle.

 

B. An S3 heart sound can be an indication of congestive heart failure in adults, as it reflects increased fluid volume and pressure in the ventricles.

 

C. S3 is heard just after S2, not S1.

 

D. The S3 heart sound is not always pathologic. It is often benign in children, adolescents, and young adults, where it may occur due to a rapid filling phase of the ventricles.

 

E. In adolescents and younger individuals, an S3 heart sound is usually considered a normal finding.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. 3+ edema indicates moderate pitting (indentation depth of 5-7 mm and lasting 10-20 seconds).

B. 1+ edema is classified as slight pitting (indentation depth less than 2 mm that disappears rapidly, typically in less than 10 seconds), making this the correct documentation.

C. 2+ edema indicates moderate pitting (indentation depth of 3-4 mm that lasts up to 15 seconds).

D. +0 indicates no edema present at all.

E. 4+ edema indicates severe pitting (indentation depth of greater than 8 mm and lasting more than 20 seconds).

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Asthma typically presents with wheezing, not fine crackles.

B. Pneumothorax usually presents with decreased or absent breath sounds rather than crackles.

C. Atelectasis, which is common after surgery, can cause fine crackles at the lung bases due to collapsed alveoli reopening during inspiration.

D. Emphysema generally results in diminished breath sounds and hyper-resonance rather than crackles.

E. Bronchitis typically produces coarse crackles or rhonchi, not fine crackles.

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