When measuring distance visual acuity, the medical assistant should instruct the patient to do which of the following?
Stand 25 feet from the Snellen chart.
Allow them to squint if necessary.
Keep both eyes open while using the occluder.
Start with the bottom line of the Snellen chart and work upward.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Stand 25 feet from the Snellen chart. The standard distance for testing visual acuity with a Snellen chart is 20 feet, not 25 feet. Testing at 25 feet would not provide accurate results.
B. Allow them to squint if necessary. Squinting can artificially improve vision, leading to inaccurate results. The patient should be instructed to avoid squinting during the test.
C. Keep both eyes open while using the occluder. The patient should use the occluder to cover one eye but keep both eyes open during the test. This ensures that each eye is tested individually without any pressure or distortion from closing the other eye.
D. Start with the bottom line of the Snellen chart and work upward. The patient should start from the top of the Snellen chart and work downward. Starting from the bottom would likely result in frustration and inaccurate assessment as the lines become increasingly difficult.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Have the patient hold on to the wall while weighing. Holding onto the wall can be unsafe and can affect the accuracy of the weight measurement.
B. Position a walker over the scale. Positioning a walker over the scale can affect the scale's accuracy and the patient's balance.
C. Position a cane on the scale between her feet. Placing a cane on the scale can affect weight measurement and may not provide accurate results.
D. Have the patient sit in a chair on the scale. Weighing a patient sitting in a chair on the scale can provide an accurate measurement for patients with balance issues.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Perform orthostatic blood pressure. Orthostatic blood pressure measurements are used to assess changes in blood pressure when a patient moves from lying down to standing, not in response to emotional upset.
B. Recheck the blood pressure after a few minutes. This is the correct action, as the initial elevated reading could be due to the patient's emotional state. Waiting a few minutes and rechecking can provide a more accurate reading.
C. Measure blood pressure at the wrist. Wrist blood pressure readings are less accurate than those taken at the upper arm and are not recommended in this scenario.
D. Use the palpatory method for blood pressure. The palpatory method is used when auscultation is difficult, but it does not address the issue of an elevated reading due to emotional upset.