When measuring distance visual acuity, the medical assistant should instruct the patient to do which of the following?
Stand 25 feet from the Snellen chart.
Allow them to squint if necessary.
Keep both eyes open while using the occluder.
Start with the bottom line of the Snellen chart and work upward.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Stand 25 feet from the Snellen chart. The standard distance for testing visual acuity with a Snellen chart is 20 feet, not 25 feet. Testing at 25 feet would not provide accurate results.
B. Allow them to squint if necessary. Squinting can artificially improve vision, leading to inaccurate results. The patient should be instructed to avoid squinting during the test.
C. Keep both eyes open while using the occluder. The patient should use the occluder to cover one eye but keep both eyes open during the test. This ensures that each eye is tested individually without any pressure or distortion from closing the other eye.
D. Start with the bottom line of the Snellen chart and work upward. The patient should start from the top of the Snellen chart and work downward. Starting from the bottom would likely result in frustration and inaccurate assessment as the lines become increasingly difficult.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Stress test: A stress test, or exercise stress test, involves monitoring the heart's activity with an EKG while the patient exercises on a treadmill or stationary bike. This test assesses how the heart performs under physical stress.
B. Holter monitor: A Holter monitor is a portable EKG device worn by the patient for 24-48 hours to continuously record heart activity in their daily life, not during exercise.
C. Echocardiogram: An echocardiogram uses ultrasound to visualize the heart's structures and is not performed while the patient is exercising.
D. Cardiac event monitor: A cardiac event monitor is used to record heart activity when the patient experiences symptoms, typically worn for weeks to months, and is not specifically for exercise testing.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Taking aspirin within 12 hr of testing: Aspirin does not generally affect spirometry results.
B. Using sedatives within 1 hr of testing: Sedatives may affect respiratory function, but they are not a common consideration for spirometry preparation.
C. Exercising 2 hr prior to testing: Exercise can affect lung function temporarily, so it’s best to avoid vigorous exercise before a spirometry test.
D. Eating a heavy meal 4 hr prior to testing: While eating a heavy meal might cause some discomfort, it is less likely to affect the spirometry results significantly compared to exercise.