When measuring distance visual acuity, the medical assistant should instruct the patient to do which of the following?
Stand 25 feet from the Snellen chart.
Allow them to squint if necessary.
Keep both eyes open while using the occluder.
Start with the bottom line of the Snellen chart and work upward.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Stand 25 feet from the Snellen chart. The standard distance for testing visual acuity with a Snellen chart is 20 feet, not 25 feet. Testing at 25 feet would not provide accurate results.
B. Allow them to squint if necessary. Squinting can artificially improve vision, leading to inaccurate results. The patient should be instructed to avoid squinting during the test.
C. Keep both eyes open while using the occluder. The patient should use the occluder to cover one eye but keep both eyes open during the test. This ensures that each eye is tested individually without any pressure or distortion from closing the other eye.
D. Start with the bottom line of the Snellen chart and work upward. The patient should start from the top of the Snellen chart and work downward. Starting from the bottom would likely result in frustration and inaccurate assessment as the lines become increasingly difficult.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Assist the patient into the prone position: The prone position (lying face down) is not suitable for eye irrigation and may make the procedure more difficult.
B. Position the patient with their head turned toward the affected side: Turning the patient’s head toward the affected side helps to ensure that the irrigation fluid drains away from the unaffected eye and is more effective in flushing out debris or irritants.
C. Flush the patient's eye from the outer to the inner canthus: Flushing from the inner to the outer canthus is preferred to prevent contaminating the unaffected eye and to ensure effective irrigation.
D. Instruct the patient to hold their affected eye open: The patient should be instructed to keep their eye open, but it is more important to ensure proper positioning and technique during the irrigation.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Spina bifida: Spina bifida is a congenital condition, not an indicator of child abuse.
B. Malnutrition: Malnutrition can be a sign of child abuse or neglect, as it may indicate that a child is not receiving adequate care or nourishment.
C. Respiratory syncytial virus: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a viral infection and not typically associated with child abuse.
D. Hypertension: Hypertension is not commonly linked to child abuse and is not an indicator of abuse in this context.