When measuring distance visual acuity, the medical assistant should instruct the patient to do which of the following?
Stand 25 feet from the Snellen chart.
Allow them to squint if necessary.
Keep both eyes open while using the occluder.
Start with the bottom line of the Snellen chart and work upward.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Stand 25 feet from the Snellen chart. The standard distance for testing visual acuity with a Snellen chart is 20 feet, not 25 feet. Testing at 25 feet would not provide accurate results.
B. Allow them to squint if necessary. Squinting can artificially improve vision, leading to inaccurate results. The patient should be instructed to avoid squinting during the test.
C. Keep both eyes open while using the occluder. The patient should use the occluder to cover one eye but keep both eyes open during the test. This ensures that each eye is tested individually without any pressure or distortion from closing the other eye.
D. Start with the bottom line of the Snellen chart and work upward. The patient should start from the top of the Snellen chart and work downward. Starting from the bottom would likely result in frustration and inaccurate assessment as the lines become increasingly difficult.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Near visual acuity: Hyperopia, or farsightedness, affects the ability to see objects up close. Testing near visual acuity assesses how well a patient can see objects at a close range.
B. Ishihara: The Ishihara test is used for detecting color vision deficiencies, not hyperopia.
C. Snellen chart: The Snellen chart tests distance vision and is more useful for assessing nearsightedness (myopia) rather than farsightedness (hyperopia).
D. Tonometry: Tonometry measures intraocular pressure to assess for glaucoma, not hyperopia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Avoiding intense eye contact: Avoiding intense eye contact is generally respectful and can be appropriate depending on cultural norms.
B. Reassuring the patient by touching them: In some Muslim cultures, physical contact between individuals of the opposite gender who are not family members may be considered inappropriate.
C. Maintaining distance from the patient: Maintaining a respectful distance is generally appropriate and often preferred in various cultures.
D. Using gestures cautiously: Using gestures cautiously is respectful and avoids miscommunication.