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When listening to heart sounds, which valve closures are heard best at the base of the heart. Select all that apply.

A.

pulmonic

B.

tricuspid

C.

aortic

D.

mitral

Question Solution

Correct Answer : A,C

A. Pulmonic valve closure is best heard at the base of the heart, near the second intercostal space at the left sternal border.

 

B. Tricuspid valve sounds are best heard at the lower left sternal border, near the apex rather than the base of the heart.

 

C. Aortic valve closure is also best heard at the base of the heart, near the second intercostal space on the right sternal border.

 

D. Mitral valve sounds are heard best at the apex of the heart, near the fifth intercostal space in the midclavicular line, not the base.


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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Supine is not recommended, as it can make breathing more difficult by limiting chest expansion.

B. Trendelenberg is not suitable for someone with breathing difficulties, as this position can worsen dyspnea.

C. High-Fowler is the best position for an asthma patient experiencing shortness of breath as it promotes lung expansion and allows for maximum chest wall movement.

D. Semi-Fowler may help but is less effective than High-Fowler in cases of acute respiratory distress.

E. Left-lateral does not optimize chest expansion and is not typically recommended for respiratory distress.

Correct Answer is E

Explanation

A. Palpate, inspect, percuss, and then auscultate is not the correct order, as inspection is always performed first.

B. Percuss, palpate, auscultate, and then inspect is incorrect, as inspection should come first.

C. Auscultate, inspect, percuss, and then palpate is also incorrect, as auscultation is typically the last step.

D. Inspect, auscultate, palpate, and then percuss is close but does not follow the standard order.

E. Inspect, palpate, percuss, then auscultate is the correct order for respiratory assessment, allowing for a thorough and systematic approach.