When listening to heart sounds, which valve closures are heard best at the base of the heart. Select all that apply.
pulmonic
tricuspid
aortic
mitral
Correct Answer : A,C
A. Pulmonic valve closure is best heard at the base of the heart, near the second intercostal space at the left sternal border.
B. Tricuspid valve sounds are best heard at the lower left sternal border, near the apex rather than the base of the heart.
C. Aortic valve closure is also best heard at the base of the heart, near the second intercostal space on the right sternal border.
D. Mitral valve sounds are heard best at the apex of the heart, near the fifth intercostal space in the midclavicular line, not the base.
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Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
A. Inquiring about personal and family cardiac history provides essential subjective information on potential hereditary risks and the client’s own cardiac health.
B. Asking about fatigue and chest pain allows the nurse to assess symptoms that may suggest cardiac issues, making it critical subjective data.
C. Inspecting for intercostal retractions and nasal flaring is part of the objective assessment rather than subjective data.
D. Palpating the chest for thrills and heaves is also an objective action, assessing physical findings rather than subjective symptoms.
E. Auscultating the heart with the diaphragm and bell of the stethoscope is an objective assessment to detect sounds rather than gathering subjective information from the client.
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
A. Pulmonic valve closure is best heard at the base of the heart, near the second intercostal space at the left sternal border.
B. Tricuspid valve sounds are best heard at the lower left sternal border, near the apex rather than the base of the heart.
C. Aortic valve closure is also best heard at the base of the heart, near the second intercostal space on the right sternal border.
D. Mitral valve sounds are heard best at the apex of the heart, near the fifth intercostal space in the midclavicular line, not the base.