What types of cells are present in Hodgkin's lymphoma?
RBC'S
Bence-Jones cells
Stem cells
Reed-Sternberg cell
The Correct Answer is D
A. RBC's: Red blood cells (RBCs) are not indicative of Hodgkin’s lymphoma; they are involved in oxygen transport throughout the body and are not a specific marker for any lymphoma.
B. Bence-Jones Cells: Bence-Jones proteins are light chain proteins found in the urine of patients with multiple myeloma, not Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
C. Stem Cells: Stem cells are progenitor cells that can develop into various blood cell types but are not characteristic of Hodgkin’s lymphoma specifically. Reed-Sternberg cells, not stem cells, are the hallmark of this disease.
D. Reed-Sternberg Cell: Reed-Sternberg cells are large, abnormal B cells that are characteristic of Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Their presence in lymph node tissue is a key diagnostic feature of the disease.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Heat relaxes the muscles and distracts the patient from the pain. While warmth can provide comfort, the main goal is to improve circulation rather than distraction.
B. Sickle cell crisis pain can be exacerbated with shivering. Although shivering may be uncomfortable, it is not the primary reason for using heat during a sickle cell crisis.
C. Heat promotes proper formation of red blood cells (RBCs) and prevents sickling. Heat does not affect RBC formation or prevent sickling. The condition of sickling is due to genetic factors, not temperature.
D. Heat increases circulation by preventing vasoconstriction. In sickle cell crisis, warmth helps prevent vasoconstriction, which can reduce blood flow to areas already compromised by sickled cells. Preventing vasoconstriction may help alleviate pain and improve circulation.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Report fever to MD ASAP: While fever in any immunocompromised patient should be reported, it does not directly address precautions related to low platelet counts and bleeding risks.
B. Use a soft toothbrush with oral care: With a low platelet count, the patient is at risk for bleeding. Using a soft toothbrush minimizes the risk of gum injury and bleeding, a critical safety measure for thrombocytopenic patients.
C. Drink hot liquids TID: Hot liquids are not recommended as they may cause mouth or esophageal burns, increasing bleeding risk if the mucosa is damaged. Tepid or cold fluids are safer.
D. Recommend straight edge razor for shaving: Patients with low platelets should use an electric razor to avoid cuts, as any bleeding is harder to control in thrombocytopenic individuals.