What is the significance of elevated serum levels of troponin?
This intracellular substance can leak into the blood with cardiac cellular injury or death.
Elevated serum levels of troponin occur because of sustained glycogenolysis.
This substance is elevated when a patient has acute tubular necrosis.
Serum elevation of this acute phase reactant occurs because of tissue injury.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Elevated serum levels of troponin indicate cardiac cellular injury or death. Troponin is a protein released into the bloodstream when heart muscle cells are damaged, such as during a myocardial infarction.
Choice B rationale
Sustained glycogenolysis does not cause elevated troponin levels. Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen to glucose, primarily occurring in the liver and muscles, not related to troponin release.
Choice C rationale
Acute tubular necrosis does not elevate troponin levels. This condition affects the renal tubules and is typically indicated by elevated creatinine and BUN levels.
Choice D rationale
Troponin is not an acute phase reactant. Acute phase reactants are proteins whose levels change in response to inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), not troponin.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute is slightly elevated but not necessarily concerning for a client with COPD. COPD patients often have higher respiratory rates due to their chronic lung condition.
Choice B rationale
A temperature of 38°C (100.4°F) indicates a fever, which could be a sign of infection. However, it is not the most concerning finding in a COPD patient.
Choice C rationale
A pulse oximetry reading of 88% is concerning because it indicates hypoxemia. COPD patients often have lower oxygen levels, but a reading below 90% is worrisome and may require supplemental oxygen or other interventions.
Choice D rationale
A blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg is elevated but not immediately concerning in the context of COPD. It is important to monitor, but it is not the most critical finding.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Checking blood sugar levels before each meal is a good practice for managing diabetes and does not indicate a need for further teaching.
Choice B rationale
Skipping medication if blood sugar is normal indicates a misunderstanding of diabetes management. Medications should be taken as prescribed to maintain consistent blood sugar levels.
Choice C rationale
Following a balanced diet and exercising regularly are important components of diabetes management and do not indicate a need for further teaching.
Choice D rationale
Monitoring feet for cuts or sores is crucial for diabetes management to prevent complications like infections and ulcers.