What is the purpose of administering diphenhydramine before a blood transfusion?
To expand the blood volume.
To enhance clotting factors.
To avoid fever and chills.
To prevent urticaria.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Diphenhydramine does not expand blood volume. It is an antihistamine used to prevent allergic reactions.
Choice B rationale
Diphenhydramine does not enhance clotting factors. It is used to manage allergic reactions.
Choice C rationale
While diphenhydramine can help manage fever and chills, its primary purpose before a blood transfusion is to prevent allergic reactions.
Choice D rationale
Administering diphenhydramine before a blood transfusion helps prevent urticaria and other allergic reactions by blocking histamine release. .
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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A family history of breast cancer is a significant risk factor because genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, can be inherited and increase the likelihood of developing breast cancer.
Choice B rationale
Multiparity (having multiple pregnancies) is generally considered to reduce the risk of breast cancer. This is because pregnancy and breastfeeding lower the number of menstrual cycles a woman has, reducing her lifetime exposure to estrogen.
Choice C rationale
Exposure of the chest to high-dose radiation, especially during childhood or young adulthood, increases the risk of breast cancer. Radiation can cause mutations in breast cells, leading to cancer.
Choice D rationale
Previous cancer of the breast, uterus, or ovaries increases the risk of developing breast cancer. This is due to shared risk factors and the possibility of metastasis or recurrence.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, is not a common manifestation of acoustic neuroma. It is more commonly associated with conditions affecting the throat or esophagus.
Choice B rationale
Apraxia, a motor disorder caused by damage to the brain, is not typically associated with acoustic neuroma. It affects the ability to perform coordinated movements.
Choice C rationale
Vertigo, or a sensation of spinning, is a common manifestation of acoustic neuroma. The tumor affects the vestibular nerve, which is responsible for balance and spatial orientation.
Choice D rationale
Diplopia, or double vision, is not a common symptom of acoustic neuroma. It is more often associated with conditions affecting the muscles or nerves controlling eye movement.