What is the purpose of administering diphenhydramine before a blood transfusion?
To expand the blood volume.
To enhance clotting factors.
To avoid fever and chills.
To prevent urticaria.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Diphenhydramine does not expand blood volume. It is an antihistamine used to prevent allergic reactions.
Choice B rationale
Diphenhydramine does not enhance clotting factors. It is used to manage allergic reactions.
Choice C rationale
While diphenhydramine can help manage fever and chills, its primary purpose before a blood transfusion is to prevent allergic reactions.
Choice D rationale
Administering diphenhydramine before a blood transfusion helps prevent urticaria and other allergic reactions by blocking histamine release. .
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Inactivated poliovirus (IPV) vaccine does not contain egg protein and is safe for individuals with egg allergies. There is no need to clarify this prescription.
Choice B rationale
Hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine does not contain egg protein and is safe for individuals with egg allergies. There is no need to clarify this prescription.
Choice C rationale
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine does not contain egg protein and is safe for individuals with egg allergies. There is no need to clarify this prescription.
Choice D rationale
Influenza, live attenuated (LAIV) vaccine contains egg protein and can cause severe allergic reactions in individuals with egg allergies. This prescription should be clarified to ensure the safety of the child.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Erythema and edema of the affected ear are more commonly associated with external otitis (swimmer’s ear) rather than otitis media. Otitis media involves the middle ear, not the external ear canal.
Choice B rationale
Pain when manipulating the affected ear lobe is also indicative of external otitis. In otitis media, the pain is usually deeper and not affected by manipulation of the ear lobe.
Choice C rationale
Tugging on the affected ear lobe is a common sign in toddlers with otitis media. This behavior is due to the discomfort and pressure in the middle ear caused by the infection.
Choice D rationale
Clear drainage from the affected ear is not typical of otitis media. If there is drainage, it is usually purulent (pus-like) and indicates a ruptured eardrum.