What is the priority nursing intervention for a newborn infant diagnosed with transposition of the great vessels?
Preparing the infant for immediate surgery
Initiating feeding through a nasogastric tube
Administering oxygen via nasal cannula
Administer prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) to maintain patency of the ductus arteriosus
The Correct Answer is D
A. Preparing for immediate surgery is necessary, but the priority intervention is to ensure adequate oxygenation and blood flow through the ductus arteriosus before surgery can be performed.
B. Initiating feeding through a nasogastric tube is not a priority for an infant with this condition, as their immediate need is to address the circulatory issue rather than feeding.
C. Administering oxygen via nasal cannula may provide some relief but is not sufficient as a standalone intervention for transposition of the great vessels, which requires maintaining ductal patency to allow mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
D. Administering prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) is the priority intervention, as it helps maintain patency of the ductus arteriosus, allowing for temporary stabilization of the infant’s condition until surgical intervention can be performed.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Distributive shock, particularly in the context of anaphylaxis, is characterized by widespread vasodilation that leads to a decrease in systemic vascular resistance and impaired blood flow to organs despite normal or increased cardiac output.
B. This option is incorrect because distributive shock involves decreased systemic vascular resistance due to vasodilation rather than an increase.
C. This statement describes hypovolemic shock, not distributive shock. Distributive shock is not primarily caused by the loss of blood volume.
D. While loss of myocardial contractility can lead to cardiogenic shock, it is not the mechanism behind distributive shock, which is related to vascular tone rather than heart function.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Providing a lecture that encourages taking calculated risks may lead adolescents to underestimate the dangers of certain activities rather than promoting safety.
B. Offering rewards for reporting high-risk behavior may create an environment of distrust and could discourage open dialogue among peers regarding safety issues.
C. Giving pamphlets does not engage adolescents effectively; they may not read or absorb the information thoroughly without interactive discussion.
D. Creating a mock scene of a motor-vehicle crash effectively demonstrates the serious consequences of high-risk behaviors, engaging students in a way that promotes awareness and understanding of safety.