The school nurse identifies 12 students with confirmed cases of influenza A. The families of the children are advised to keep the children home for a minimum of 5 to 7 days. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?
Closing the school for 6 weeks
Education regarding respiratory and hand hygiene
Discipline in the school setting for improper handwashing
Running a mandatory flu clinic
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason:
Closing the school for 6 weeks is an extreme measure that is not typically warranted for managing influenza outbreaks. Public health guidelines usually recommend temporary closures or other measures to control the spread of infection, but a 6-week closure is excessive and disruptive.
Choice B reason:
Education regarding respiratory and hand hygiene is an appropriate and effective action to help control the spread of influenza. Teaching students and staff about proper handwashing techniques, respiratory etiquette, and other preventive measures can significantly reduce the transmission of the virus. This approach empowers the school community to take proactive steps in preventing further infections.
Choice C reason:
Discipline in the school setting for improper handwashing is not an appropriate response. While it is important to encourage proper hygiene practices, using disciplinary measures can create a negative environment and may not effectively promote behavior change. Education and positive reinforcement are more effective strategies.
Choice D reason:
Running a mandatory flu clinic can be beneficial, but it is not the most immediate or appropriate action in response to an outbreak. Flu clinics are typically part of broader vaccination efforts and may not address the immediate need to control the current outbreak. Education on hygiene practices is a more immediate and practical response.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Restricting drinking fluids before and during meals is not an appropriate suggestion for improving nutritional status. While it might help prevent early satiety in some cases, it does not address the underlying issues related to Myasthenia gravis, such as muscle weakness affecting chewing and swallowing.
Choice B reason:
Planning medication doses to occur before meals is a crucial strategy for clients with Myasthenia gravis. Medications such as anticholinesterase agents can help improve muscle strength, making it easier for the client to chew and swallow food. This approach can enhance the client’s ability to consume adequate nutrition during meals.
Choice C reason:
Increasing the amount of fat and carbohydrates in meals might help with caloric intake, but it does not address the specific challenges faced by clients with Myasthenia gravis. The focus should be on strategies that improve the client’s ability to eat effectively, rather than just altering the macronutrient composition of meals.
Choice D reason:
Eating three large meals per day can be challenging for clients with Myasthenia gravis due to muscle fatigue. Smaller, more frequent meals are often recommended to help manage energy levels and ensure adequate nutrition without overwhelming the client.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Decreasing bright lights can help alleviate discomfort for the client, especially if they are experiencing photophobia, which is common in meningitis. However, this action does not address the immediate need to prevent the spread of infection. While it is a supportive measure, it is not the first priority in managing a client with suspected meningitis.
Choice B reason:
Implementing droplet precautions is the first priority when a client presents with symptoms suggestive of meningitis, such as a severe headache, stiff neck, and positive Kernig’s and Brudzinski’s signs. Meningitis can be caused by bacterial infections that are highly contagious and spread through respiratory droplets. Initiating droplet precautions helps prevent the transmission of the infection to other clients and healthcare workers, making it the most critical initial action.
Choice C reason:
Initiating IV access is important for administering medications and fluids, but it is not the first priority. Ensuring the safety of others by implementing droplet precautions takes precedence. Once precautions are in place, the nurse can proceed with establishing IV access to facilitate further treatment.
Choice D reason:
Administering antibiotics is crucial in the treatment of bacterial meningitis, but it should be done after droplet precautions are in place to prevent the spread of infection. Prompt antibiotic therapy is essential, but the initial step must focus on infection control measures to protect others from exposure.