The public health nurse is assigned to the population of clients in an inner-city community. The nurse identifies which of the following as a priority intervention?
Develop a survey on teen pregnancies
Hold a focus group to discuss immunizations
Perform a windshield survey
Interview the elderly at the senior’s center
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason:
Developing a survey on teen pregnancies is important for understanding the prevalence and factors contributing to teen pregnancies in the community. However, it is not the most immediate priority intervention. Surveys are useful for data collection but do not provide immediate insights into the overall community health needs.
Choice B reason:
Holding a focus group to discuss immunizations is valuable for gathering community input and addressing concerns about vaccinations. While this is an important public health activity, it is more specific and does not provide a comprehensive overview of the community’s health needs.
Choice C reason:
Performing a windshield survey is a priority intervention for a public health nurse assigned to a new community. This type of survey involves systematically observing the community to gather information about its overall health status, resources, and needs. It provides a broad overview that can inform more targeted interventions and programs.
Choice D reason:
Interviewing the elderly at the senior’s center is important for understanding the specific needs of this population group. However, it is a more focused intervention and does not provide a comprehensive assessment of the entire community’s health needs.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Assisting a client with a bed bath who has a history of falls is important for maintaining hygiene and preventing skin breakdown. However, this task does not address an immediate physiological need. While it is essential to ensure the safety of clients with a history of falls, this task can be scheduled after more urgent needs are met. The priority in nursing care is to address tasks that have the most immediate impact on a client’s health and safety.
Choice B reason:
Providing a snack to a diabetic client who is feeling lightheaded is the most urgent task. Lightheadedness in a diabetic client can be a sign of hypoglycemia, which requires immediate intervention to prevent serious complications such as loss of consciousness or seizures. Hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels drop too low, and providing a quick source of glucose can help stabilize the client’s condition. This task addresses an immediate physiological need and is critical for the client’s safety and well-being.
Choice C reason:
Feeding a client who has bilateral casts due to upper arm fractures is necessary to ensure the client receives adequate nutrition. However, this task does not address an immediate threat to the client’s health. While it is important to assist clients who are unable to feed themselves, this task can be performed after more urgent needs are addressed. Prioritizing tasks that address immediate physiological needs is essential in nursing care.
Choice D reason:
Ambulating a postoperative client for the first time is important for preventing complications such as deep vein thrombosis, pneumonia, and muscle weakness. Early ambulation is a key component of postoperative care and helps promote recovery. However, this task can be scheduled after addressing more immediate physiological needs. Ensuring the safety and stability of clients with urgent conditions takes precedence over routine postoperative care activities.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
The security phase is not a recognized phase in the National Response Framework. The framework focuses on preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation phases. Security measures are integrated into these phases but are not a standalone phase.
Choice B reason:
The mitigation phase involves actions taken to reduce the impact of disasters before they occur. This includes identifying at-risk populations, educating residents about evacuation routes, and establishing emergency shelters. These proactive measures help minimize the potential damage and enhance community resilience.
Choice C reason:
The response phase involves actions taken during and immediately after a disaster to ensure safety and provide emergency assistance. While important, the activities described in the question are more aligned with mitigation efforts that occur before a disaster strikes.
Choice D reason:
The practice phase is not a recognized phase in the National Response Framework. However, preparedness activities, including drills and exercises, are part of the overall framework to ensure readiness for potential disasters.