The public health nurse is assigned to the population of clients in an inner-city community. The nurse identifies which of the following as a priority intervention?
Develop a survey on teen pregnancies
Hold a focus group to discuss immunizations
Perform a windshield survey
Interview the elderly at the senior’s center
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason:
Developing a survey on teen pregnancies is important for understanding the prevalence and factors contributing to teen pregnancies in the community. However, it is not the most immediate priority intervention. Surveys are useful for data collection but do not provide immediate insights into the overall community health needs.
Choice B reason:
Holding a focus group to discuss immunizations is valuable for gathering community input and addressing concerns about vaccinations. While this is an important public health activity, it is more specific and does not provide a comprehensive overview of the community’s health needs.
Choice C reason:
Performing a windshield survey is a priority intervention for a public health nurse assigned to a new community. This type of survey involves systematically observing the community to gather information about its overall health status, resources, and needs. It provides a broad overview that can inform more targeted interventions and programs.
Choice D reason:
Interviewing the elderly at the senior’s center is important for understanding the specific needs of this population group. However, it is a more focused intervention and does not provide a comprehensive assessment of the entire community’s health needs.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
The client’s level of family support is important, but it is not the most critical factor in determining eligibility for Meals-on-Wheels. Family support can supplement the client’s needs, but the primary focus should be on the client’s ability to prepare meals independently.
Choice B reason:
The client’s financial resources are a consideration, but many Meals-on-Wheels programs offer services on a sliding scale or free of charge based on need. Financial resources alone do not determine eligibility; the ability to prepare meals is a more direct indicator of need.
Choice C reason:
The client’s access to transportation is relevant, especially if they need to travel to obtain food. However, Meals-on-Wheels is designed to serve homebound clients who cannot easily leave their homes, making transportation less of a concern compared to the ability to prepare meals.
Choice D reason:
The client’s ability to prepare meals is the most important factor in determining eligibility for Meals-on-Wheels. This program is specifically designed to assist individuals who are unable to prepare nutritious meals for themselves due to physical or cognitive limitations. Ensuring that clients receive adequate nutrition is the primary goal of the program.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Restricting drinking fluids before and during meals is not an appropriate suggestion for improving nutritional status. While it might help prevent early satiety in some cases, it does not address the underlying issues related to Myasthenia gravis, such as muscle weakness affecting chewing and swallowing.
Choice B reason:
Planning medication doses to occur before meals is a crucial strategy for clients with Myasthenia gravis. Medications such as anticholinesterase agents can help improve muscle strength, making it easier for the client to chew and swallow food. This approach can enhance the client’s ability to consume adequate nutrition during meals.
Choice C reason:
Increasing the amount of fat and carbohydrates in meals might help with caloric intake, but it does not address the specific challenges faced by clients with Myasthenia gravis. The focus should be on strategies that improve the client’s ability to eat effectively, rather than just altering the macronutrient composition of meals.
Choice D reason:
Eating three large meals per day can be challenging for clients with Myasthenia gravis due to muscle fatigue. Smaller, more frequent meals are often recommended to help manage energy levels and ensure adequate nutrition without overwhelming the client.