The public health nurse is assigned to the population of clients in an inner-city community. The nurse identifies which of the following as a priority intervention?
Develop a survey on teen pregnancies
Hold a focus group to discuss immunizations
Perform a windshield survey
Interview the elderly at the senior’s center
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason:
Developing a survey on teen pregnancies is important for understanding the prevalence and factors contributing to teen pregnancies in the community. However, it is not the most immediate priority intervention. Surveys are useful for data collection but do not provide immediate insights into the overall community health needs.
Choice B reason:
Holding a focus group to discuss immunizations is valuable for gathering community input and addressing concerns about vaccinations. While this is an important public health activity, it is more specific and does not provide a comprehensive overview of the community’s health needs.
Choice C reason:
Performing a windshield survey is a priority intervention for a public health nurse assigned to a new community. This type of survey involves systematically observing the community to gather information about its overall health status, resources, and needs. It provides a broad overview that can inform more targeted interventions and programs.
Choice D reason:
Interviewing the elderly at the senior’s center is important for understanding the specific needs of this population group. However, it is a more focused intervention and does not provide a comprehensive assessment of the entire community’s health needs.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Hypertension is a common manifestation of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). As ICP rises, the body attempts to maintain cerebral perfusion by increasing blood pressure. This compensatory mechanism helps ensure that the brain continues to receive adequate blood flow despite the elevated pressure.
Choice B reason:
Tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, is not a typical manifestation of increased ICP. While it can be a symptom of various conditions, it is not specifically associated with elevated intracranial pressure.
Choice C reason:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not a manifestation of increased ICP. In fact, the body typically responds to increased ICP with hypertension to maintain cerebral perfusion. Hypotension would be concerning for other reasons but is not indicative of elevated intracranial pressure.
Choice D reason:
Tachycardia, or an increased heart rate, is not a primary manifestation of increased ICP. While changes in heart rate can occur with severe neurological conditions, hypertension is a more direct indicator of elevated intracranial pressure.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Home care services provide medical and personal care to clients in their homes. While this option may be suitable for clients with less severe symptoms, a client with significant bilateral lower extremities muscle weakness may require more intensive rehabilitation services to improve mobility and function.
Choice B reason:
A sub-acute care facility provides care for clients who need more intensive services than those available in a traditional nursing home but do not require the full resources of a hospital. While this option may be appropriate for some clients, a rehabilitation facility is better suited for addressing the specific needs of a client with significant muscle weakness due to MS.
Choice C reason:
A rehabilitation facility is the most appropriate setting for a client with significant bilateral lower extremities muscle weakness due to MS. These facilities offer specialized programs and therapies designed to improve mobility, strength, and overall function. The client can receive comprehensive care from a multidisciplinary team, including physical therapists, occupational therapists, and neurologists.
Choice D reason:
A skilled nursing facility provides long-term care for clients with chronic conditions or disabilities. While these facilities offer medical care and assistance with daily activities, they may not provide the intensive rehabilitation services needed for a client with significant muscle weakness due to MS.