The nursing instructor has been teaching about antivirals, actions, and effects. The instructor realizes that a student needs further instruction when the student makes which statement?
Antiviral drugs will not prevent the spread of the disease to others.
Antivirals are the cure for viral infections.
Topical antivirals should not be applied more frequently than prescribed.
When applying a topical antiviral, the nurse should use a finger cot or gloves.
The Correct Answer is B
A. This statement is accurate as antiviral drugs primarily reduce the severity and duration of viral infections but do not prevent transmission to others.
B. The statement that "antivirals are the cure for viral infections" is incorrect, as most antivirals manage symptoms or reduce viral load rather than completely curing the infection, indicating a need for further instruction.
C. This statement is correct; following prescribed application guidelines for topical antivirals is essential to avoid skin irritation or decreased efficacy.
D. This statement is also correct, as using gloves or a finger cot is recommended to prevent contamination and protect the healthcare worker from exposure while applying topical antivirals.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Excessive thirst is not a common adverse effect associated with albuterol.
B. Albuterol, a beta-agonist, can cause tachycardia as an adverse effect; a heart rate of 99 beats/min may indicate this response.
C. An oral temperature of 100°F may suggest a mild infection or other issues, but it is not a specific adverse effect of albuterol.
D. Diarrhea is not typically associated with albuterol use and is less likely to be attributed to the medication.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, meaning it helps retain potassium while promoting sodium and water excretion. This makes it advantageous for clients who may be at risk for hypokalemia with furosemide, which can lead to significant potassium loss.
B. This statement is incorrect; spironolactone causes less potassium loss compared to furosemide, making it a better option for those needing to maintain potassium levels.
C. This statement is misleading; spironolactone does promote diuresis but does not cause greater water losses than furosemide.
D. This is incorrect; while spironolactone does promote sodium excretion, it does not do so to a greater extent than furosemide, which is a more potent diuretic.