The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a client and notes the following:
pH 7.45, [normal range: 7.35-7.45]
Paco2 of 30 mm Hg (30 mmol/L), [normal range: 35-45]
HCO3- of 20 mEq/L (20 mmol/L), [normal range: 22-26]
Which condition would the nurse analyze these results to indicate?
Metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
The Correct Answer is C
A. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and a high HCO3- level; this does not match the provided values.
B. Metabolic acidosis would show a low pH and a low HCO3-, which does not match the findings.
C. The pH is high (7.45) while the Paco2 is low (30 mm Hg), indicating respiratory alkalosis. The low HCO3- could be a compensatory mechanism but does not change the primary interpretation of respiratory alkalosis.
D. Respiratory acidosis would be indicated by a low pH and a high Paco2, which is not the case here.
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. This is the correct answer as conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is characterized by redness, swelling, and discharge from the eye, which is likely what the image shows.
B. Cataracts typically present as clouding of the lens of the eye, leading to blurred vision but do not present with redness or discharge like conjunctivitis.
C. This condition often involves increased intraocular pressure and can lead to vision loss, but it does not usually cause the symptoms depicted in the image of conjunctivitis.
D. This is primarily associated with central vision loss and does not produce the external symptoms of redness or discharge typical of conjunctivitis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Providing a safe and comfortable environment and applying critical thinking involves both objective and subjective data collection, not just one type.
B. While family members can contribute to patient care, the professional responsibilities of providing a safe environment and critical thinking in assessments fall to trained healthcare providers.
C. This process encompasses both subjective and objective data, as critical thinking requires integrating multiple types of information.
D. The actions described are essential professional responsibilities of trained healthcare providers, who must ensure a safe environment, apply critical thinking, and identify patient cues effectively.