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The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a client and notes the following:  

pH 7.45, [normal range: 7.35-7.45]  

Paco2 of 30 mm Hg (30 mmol/L), [normal range: 35-45]  

HCO3- of 20 mEq/L (20 mmol/L), [normal range: 22-26]  

Which condition would the nurse analyze these results to indicate?

A.

Metabolic alkalosis

B.

Metabolic acidosis

C.

Respiratory alkalosis

D.

Respiratory acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by a high pH and a high HCO3- level; this does not match the provided values.  

 

B. Metabolic acidosis would show a low pH and a low HCO3-, which does not match the findings.  

 

C. The pH is high (7.45) while the Paco2 is low (30 mm Hg), indicating respiratory alkalosis. The low HCO3- could be a compensatory mechanism but does not change the primary interpretation of respiratory alkalosis.  

 

D. Respiratory acidosis would be indicated by a low pH and a high Paco2, which is not the case here.


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View Related questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The patient's chart may provide historical information but does not reflect the current pain intensity the client is experiencing.

B. Visual observation for nonverbal signs of pain can be useful, especially for nonverbal patients, but self-reporting is the most accurate measure of pain intensity.

C. The client's self-report of pain severity is the gold standard for assessing pain intensity, as it reflects the individual’s personal experience of pain.

D. While the nature and invasiveness of the surgical procedure can provide context for expected pain levels, they do not replace the importance of the client's self-report in managing pain effectively.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Wheezes are continuous high-pitched sounds that occur during expiration (or sometimes inspiration) and are common in conditions like asthma due to narrowed airways.

B. Crackles are discontinuous sounds often described as popping or crackling and are not typically high-pitched.

C. Rhonchi are low-pitched, snoring-like sounds caused by the obstruction of larger airways and are not characterized as high-pitched.

D. Stridor is a high-pitched sound usually associated with upper airway obstruction and is not typically heard with asthma.

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