The nurse notes that a client has been receiving hydromorphone every six hours for four days. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to complete?
Count the apical and radial pulses simultaneously.
Observe for edema around the ankles.
Auscultate the client’s bowel sounds.
Measure the client’s capillary glucose level.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason:
Counting the apical and radial pulses simultaneously can help detect pulse deficits, which may indicate cardiac issues. However, this is not the most critical assessment for a client receiving hydromorphone.
Choice B reason:
Observing for edema around the ankles is important for assessing fluid retention and potential heart failure. While relevant, it is not the primary concern for a client on hydromorphone.
Choice C reason:
Auscultating the client’s bowel sounds is crucial because hydromorphone, like other opioids, can cause constipation and potentially lead to paralytic ileus, a serious condition where the intestines stop moving food through. Monitoring bowel sounds helps detect early signs of this complication.
Choice D reason:
Measuring the client’s capillary glucose level is important for diabetic patients or those at risk of hyperglycemia. However, it is not directly related to the administration of hydromorphone.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a critical action when a patient is in cardiac arrest or not breathing. However, in this scenario, the client is experiencing severe respiratory depression due to opioid overdose, and the first line of treatment is to administer naloxone. If the client does not respond to naloxone, then CPR may be necessary, but the immediate step is to address the opioid toxicity.
Choice B Reason:
Preparing to assist with chest tube insertion is not relevant in this context. Chest tubes are typically used to treat conditions like pneumothorax or pleural effusion. The client’s symptoms are due to opioid-induced respiratory depression, which requires naloxone administration rather than chest tube insertion.
Choice C Reason:
Administering a second dose of naloxone is the appropriate action. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioid overdose, including respiratory depression. Given the client’s critically low respiratory rate and oxygen saturation, a second dose of naloxone is necessary to counteract the opioid effects and restore normal breathing.
Choice D Reason:
Determining the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is useful for assessing the level of consciousness, but it does not directly address the immediate need to reverse the opioid-induced respiratory depression. The priority is to administer naloxone to improve the client’s respiratory status. Once the client is stabilized, further assessments, including the GCS score, can be conducted.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Taking sucralfate on an empty stomach at least 1 hour before meals is crucial for its effectiveness. Sucralfate works by forming a protective barrier over ulcers, and food can interfere with this process. Therefore, it is recommended to take sucralfate on an empty stomach to ensure maximum efficacy.
Choice B reason:
Administering an additional dose if a dose is missed is incorrect. If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, the missed dose should be skipped, and the regular dosing schedule should be resumed. Doubling up on doses can lead to potential side effects and complications.
Choice C reason:
Scheduling doses with each meal and at bedtime is not appropriate for sucralfate. This medication should be taken on an empty stomach, not with meals. Taking it with food can reduce its effectiveness in treating peptic ulcers.
Choice D reason:
Continuing with the normal dose schedule after missing a dose is partially correct but lacks the specific instruction to skip the missed dose if it is almost time for the next one. The correct approach is to take the missed dose as soon as possible unless it is close to the next scheduled dose.