The nurse is working with a group of clients. Which clients are at risk for developing skin cancer? Which assessment findings are at risk for skin cancer (Select all 3 that apply)?
The client who experienced numbness in the right arm that has resolved after several hours.
The client who has worked in the beauty parlor providing pedicures and manicures
The client with a fair skin complexion and blue eyes
The client who smokes 20 packs of cigarettes daily for the past 15 years.
The client who is a roofer and spends a lot of time outdoors participating in sports with complaints of blistering sunburns
Correct Answer : C,D,E
A. Numbness in the right arm is not a risk factor for skin cancer; it is more related to neurological issues or circulation problems.
B. While working in a beauty parlor may involve exposure to certain chemicals, it is not a significant risk factor for skin cancer compared to other options.
C. A client with a fair skin complexion and blue eyes has a higher risk for skin cancer due to lower melanin levels, making them more susceptible to UV damage.
D. Smoking is primarily associated with lung cancer; however, it can also contribute to skin damage and increased risk for skin cancer, particularly squamous cell carcinoma.
E. A roofer who spends a lot of time outdoors and experiences blistering sunburns is at significant risk for skin cancer due to excessive UV exposure and history of severe sunburns.
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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Washing hands is a crucial step to prevent infection and maintain hygiene before any physical assessment.
B. Providing patient privacy is essential to ensure the client's comfort and confidentiality during the assessment.
C. While it’s important to follow the provider’s orders, a routine check-up typically does not require a new healthcare order, as the nurse can perform the assessment as part of standard care.
D. Positioning the client comfortably on the examination table is necessary to facilitate the assessment and ensure the client's comfort during the procedure.
E. Explaining the procedure to the client helps to alleviate anxiety, improve understanding, and foster cooperation during the assessment.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Respiratory acidosis: The pH is low (indicating acidosis), and the Paco₂ is elevated, which signifies that carbon dioxide retention is causing the acidosis. This pattern indicates respiratory acidosis, as the elevated HCO₃ suggests a compensatory response.
B. Respiratory alkalosis: Respiratory alkalosis would show a high pH with a low Paco₂. This is not consistent with the client’s lab results.
C. Metabolic acidosis: Metabolic acidosis would show a low pH with a low HCO₃. In this case, the HCO₃ is slightly elevated, ruling out metabolic acidosis.
D. Metabolic alkalosis: Metabolic alkalosis would show a high pH with an elevated HCO₃, which does not match the client’s results.