The nurse is teaching the parent of a child with hemophilia. Which of the following statements by the parent demonstrates understanding about preventing bleeding episodes?
"My son will have to grow a beard."
"My son will have to avoid contact sports."
"My son will have to avoid fresh foods such as fruit in his diet."
"My son will always have to live near a major hospital."
The Correct Answer is B
A. "My son will have to grow a beard." Growing a beard is irrelevant to managing hemophilia and preventing bleeding.
B. "My son will have to avoid contact sports." Avoiding contact sports is essential for children with hemophilia to reduce the risk of trauma and bleeding episodes due to their clotting factor deficiency.
C. "My son will have to avoid fresh foods such as fruit in his diet." Fresh foods like fruits do not pose a bleeding risk for hemophilia; dietary restrictions are generally unnecessary in managing this condition.
D. "My son will always have to live near a major hospital."While proximity to a healthcare facility can be helpful in emergencies, this is not a requirement for managing hemophilia, nor does it directly prevent bleeding episodes.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Thyroid disease: While some thyroid diseases may indirectly contribute to anemia, thyroid disease itself does not directly cause low hemoglobin and hematocrit.
B. Anemia: Low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels indicate anemia, which can be caused by various factors, including blood loss, iron deficiency, or chronic disease.
C. Acute bronchitis: Acute bronchitis typically affects respiratory function and does not directly cause a decrease in hemoglobin or hematocrit.
D. Hemochromatosis: Hemochromatosis is characterized by excess iron in the body, often resulting in elevated rather than decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Folate: Folate is important for red blood cell production but does not address the Vitamin B12 deficiency seen in pernicious anemia.
B. Vitamin C: Vitamin C does not impact pernicious anemia as it is not involved in Vitamin B12 absorption.
C. Vitamin B12: Pernicious anemia occurs due to a lack of intrinsic factor, which is necessary for Vitamin B12 absorption. After a total gastrectomy, intrinsic factor is no longer produced, requiring Vitamin B12 supplementation.
D. Iron: Iron deficiency anemia is different from pernicious anemia, which specifically requires Vitamin B12 supplementation.