The nurse is teaching the parent of a child with hemophilia. Which of the following statements by the parent demonstrates understanding about preventing bleeding episodes?
"My son will have to grow a beard."
"My son will have to avoid contact sports."
"My son will have to avoid fresh foods such as fruit in his diet."
"My son will always have to live near a major hospital."
The Correct Answer is B
A. "My son will have to grow a beard." Growing a beard is irrelevant to managing hemophilia and preventing bleeding.
B. "My son will have to avoid contact sports." Avoiding contact sports is essential for children with hemophilia to reduce the risk of trauma and bleeding episodes due to their clotting factor deficiency.
C. "My son will have to avoid fresh foods such as fruit in his diet." Fresh foods like fruits do not pose a bleeding risk for hemophilia; dietary restrictions are generally unnecessary in managing this condition.
D. "My son will always have to live near a major hospital."While proximity to a healthcare facility can be helpful in emergencies, this is not a requirement for managing hemophilia, nor does it directly prevent bleeding episodes.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hematocrit 35% (F 37%–47%; M 42%–52%): Although the hematocrit is slightly low, it is not as concerning as a low platelet count, which poses an immediate risk for bleeding.
B. Bone pain: Bone pain is common in leukemia due to bone marrow expansion, but it does not take priority over the risk of bleeding from thrombocytopenia.
C. Weight loss: Weight loss may be a symptom of leukemia, but it is not immediately life-threatening and does not take priority over a low platelet count that increases bleeding risk.
D. Platelet count 125,000/mm³ (150,000–400,000): A low platelet count is concerning in leukemia patients because it increases the risk of bleeding. Monitoring for and preventing bleeding is a high priority due to thrombocytopenia associated with leukemia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Myxedema: Myxedema is associated with hypothyroidism, not multiple myeloma.
B. Pathologic fracture: Advanced multiple myeloma causes bone demineralization and osteolytic lesions, making bones fragile and increasing the risk for pathologic fractures.
C. Retinopathy: Retinopathy is commonly associated with diabetes or hypertension, not with multiple myeloma.
D. Gastrointestinal bleeding: Gastrointestinal bleeding is not a typical complication of multiple myeloma.