The nurse is teaching a nursing student about respiratory distress syndrome. Which statement by the student nurse demonstrates understanding?
Respiratory distress, syndrome occurs in babies with frequent colds.
Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in premature and low-birth-weight babies.
Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in babies with genetic allergies.
Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in babies stressed during the pregnancy.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in babies with frequent colds. This statement is inaccurate; respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is not associated with frequent colds.
B. Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in premature and low-birth-weight babies. This statement accurately describes RDS, as it is primarily seen in premature infants due to insufficient surfactant production.
C. Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in babies with genetic allergies. RDS is not directly related to genetic allergies; it is a condition primarily linked to prematurity and lung maturity.
D. Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in babies stressed during the pregnancy. While stress during pregnancy can affect outcomes, RDS is specifically associated with lung development in premature infants rather than stress alone.
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Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Stimulate production of androgens: The kidneys do not stimulate androgen production. Androgens are produced primarily by the adrenal glands and gonads.
B. Stimulate production of white blood cells: The kidneys do not stimulate white blood cell production. This is mainly a function of the bone marrow.
C. Excrete various drugs and drug metabolites: The kidneys play a key role in filtering and excreting drugs and drug metabolites, helping to remove them from the body.
D. Produce urine: The primary function of the kidneys is to filter blood and produce urine, which is then excreted to remove waste products and maintain fluid balance.
E. Regulate acid/base balance: The kidneys are essential in maintaining acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate, which helps regulate the pH level in the body.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
A. Perform passive range of motion exercises. Passive range of motion exercises help maintain circulation and reduce venous stasis, which is crucial for preventing pulmonary embolism in clients who are immobile.
B. Place pillows under the client's knees when in bed. Placing pillows under the knees can actually promote venous stasis and increase the risk of a pulmonary embolism. It is better to keep the legs flat to encourage circulation.
C. Assess legs for redness. Regular assessment of the legs for redness, swelling, or warmth helps in the early detection of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which can lead to pulmonary embolism if not addressed.
D. Apply elastic compression stockings. Elastic compression stockings promote venous return from the legs to the heart and help prevent DVT, thereby reducing the risk of pulmonary embolism.
E. Massage the calves every shift. Massaging the calves can dislodge a thrombus and potentially lead to a pulmonary embolism. Instead, interventions should focus on preventing thrombus formation.