The nurse is reviewing a patient's plan of care, which includes the nursing diagnostic statement, Impaired physical mobility related to tibial fracture as evidenced by patient's inability to ambulate. Which part of the diagnostic statement does the nurse need to revise?
Nursing diagnosis
Collaborative problem
Defining characteristic
Etiology
The Correct Answer is D
A. The nursing diagnosis "Impaired physical mobility" is appropriate and does not need revision.
B. There is no collaborative problem mentioned in the statement that requires revision.
C. The defining characteristic "patient's inability to ambulate" accurately reflects the patient's current condition and does not need changes.
D. The etiology "related to tibial fracture" should be revised to reflect a more precise causal factor that can be addressed by nursing interventions. A more appropriate etiology could specify the limitation in mobility rather than just stating the fracture.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Risk for infection related to chest x-ray procedure" is not an appropriate diagnosis because a chest x-ray is a diagnostic tool, and pneumonia itself is the concern for infection.
B. "Impaired gas exchange related to alveolar-capillary membrane changes" is correct as pneumonia causes inflammation and consolidation in the lungs, which directly impacts gas exchange.
C. "Risk for deficient fluid volume related to dehydration" does not apply specifically to pneumonia unless the patient presents signs of dehydration, which is not indicated in the scenario.
D. "Ineffective breathing pattern related to pneumonia" could also be a valid diagnosis, but the primary concern given the information provided is gas exchange impairment.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Atelectasis is prevented primarily through deep breathing exercises and respiratory interventions, not passive ROM.
B. Passive ROM and splinting help prevent joint contractures by maintaining joint mobility and alignment, so the absence of contractures indicates successful prevention.
C. Pressure ulcers are avoided through regular repositioning and skin care rather than passive ROM alone.
D. Renal calculi are primarily prevented through hydration and diet, not passive ROM or splinting.