The nurse is providing teaching to a client about self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which information provided by the client indicates understanding?
Eat a protein snack 30 minutes before any exercise workout.
Get an influenza vaccine every year as soon as available.
Restrict alcoholic beverages to no more than 1-2 per week.
Using salt, herbs, and spices will improve the flavor of foods.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Eating a protein snack before exercising can help prevent hypoglycemia, but this may not be necessary for every individual and does not address the overall management of diabetes.
B. Understanding the importance of receiving an influenza vaccine annually is crucial for clients with diabetes, as they are at higher risk for complications from influenza and other infections.
C. While it is important to monitor alcohol consumption, the statement may not indicate full understanding of how alcohol can affect blood glucose levels and the potential need for individualized guidance.
D. While using salt, herbs, and spices can enhance food flavor, it does not specifically address diabetes management, particularly regarding sodium intake for individuals at risk for hypertension.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While elevated creatinine and BUN are important indicators of kidney function, in the diuretic phase, the focus shifts to monitoring for complications, particularly fluid and electrolyte balance.
B. Hypovolemia can occur due to excessive diuresis during the diuretic phase, which can lead to significant cardiovascular effects, including ECG changes related to electrolyte imbalances, particularly potassium levels.
C. Monitoring for uremic irritation is important but less critical than monitoring for hypovolemia and ECG changes that can lead to acute complications.
D. While monitoring for side effects of TPN is relevant, it is not the priority in the context of AKI transitioning phases where fluid and electrolyte balance are paramount.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. While monitoring blood glucose levels is important for managing diabetes, this instruction alone does not specifically address the goal of lowering blood glucose levels and increasing HDL levels.
B. Monthly appointments with a dietitian can be beneficial but are not as essential as incorporating regular exercise into the client’s lifestyle.
C. Regular exercise is a key component in managing type 2 diabetes, as it helps to lower blood glucose levels and can improve HDL cholesterol. Medical approval ensures that the exercise regimen is safe for the client.
D. Limiting calories on days unable to exercise is not a primary focus for managing diabetes and may not be practical or effective in promoting overall health.