The nurse is providing anticipatory teaching to parents about pubescent changes in school-aged and young adolescent girls. Which of the following changes should the nurse include in the teaching?
Vocal changes
Decreased height
Breast development
Menarche
Increased axillary hair
Correct Answer : C,D,E
A. Vocal changes are more pronounced in boys during puberty; girls typically do not experience significant vocal changes.
B. Height does not decrease; instead, girls experience a growth spurt during puberty before reaching their adult height.
C. Breast development is one of the first signs of puberty in girls, typically occurring between ages 8 and 13.
D. Menarche, the first menstrual period, usually occurs later in puberty and is an important milestone indicating the onset of reproductive capability.
E. Increased axillary hair growth is also a common change that occurs during puberty as hormone levels rise.
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Correct Answer is ["A","E","F"]
Explanation
A. Providing privacy during personal care and procedures is essential for adolescents, as it helps them feel more secure and respected during a vulnerable time.
B. This option is incorrect; discussing changes related to puberty can help the adolescent understand their body and promote healthy coping mechanisms.
C. Treating the adolescent as if they are not competent undermines their autonomy and can negatively impact their self-esteem; adolescents should be involved in their care and decision-making when appropriate.
D. Disregarding confidentiality can lead to a breakdown of trust; it is important to respect the adolescent's privacy while also keeping parents informed within appropriate limits.
E. Showing respect for the client's feelings and concerns helps validate their experiences and fosters a supportive environment during a challenging time.
F. Listening carefully to the client’s thoughts and concerns encourages open communication, allowing the nurse to address any worries and support the adolescent’s emotional needs.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The meningococcal (MCV4) vaccine is typically recommended for preteens and adolescents, usually starting at age 11.
B. The hepatitis B vaccine is typically administered at birth, 1-2 months, and 6-18 months, so a 4-year-old may already have received this vaccine.
C. The varicella (VAR) vaccine is recommended for children at ages 12-15 months and again at 4-6 years, making it appropriate for a 4-year-old child.
D. The Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) vaccine is usually given to children in a series before 5 years of age, but it is more commonly completed by age 2-3 years. The 4-year-old may already be up to date with this vaccine.