The nurse is preparing to administer digoxin (Lanoxin) to a client experiencing atrial fibrillation. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances would the nurse assess to reduce the incidence of toxicity with digoxin (Lanoxin)?
hypocalcemia
hypokalemia
hyperkalemia
hypernatremia
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hypocalcemia is not directly linked to digoxin toxicity; rather, it is more associated with calcium channel blockers.
B. Hypokalemia increases the risk of digoxin toxicity, as low potassium levels can enhance the effects of digoxin on the heart.
C. Hyperkalemia is not directly associated with toxicity; however, it can cause complications in patients taking digoxin.
D. Hypernatremia does not have a direct impact on digoxin toxicity; monitoring potassium levels is more critical.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Atenolol is a beta-blocker used for various cardiac conditions but is not typically the first-line treatment for acute ventricular dysrhythmias.
B. Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor, which is not indicated for immediate management of ventricular dysrhythmias.
C. Procainamide is an antiarrhythmic medication specifically used to treat ventricular dysrhythmias and would be appropriate in this scenario.
D. Adenosine is typically used for rapid atrial dysrhythmias, not specifically for ventricular dysrhythmias, making procainamide the better choice.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Losartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) that serves as an effective alternative to ACE inhibitors, particularly for patients who experience cough as a side effect.
B. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker, which is not a direct alternative to ACE inhibitors and is used for different indications such as heart rate and blood pressure control.
C. Furosemide is a diuretic that does not directly substitute for the actions of ACE inhibitors.
D. Hydralazine is a direct vasodilator used for hypertension but does not share the same mechanism as ACE inhibitors or serve as a direct alternative.