The nurse is preparing to administer digoxin (Lanoxin) to a client experiencing atrial fibrillation. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances would the nurse assess to reduce the incidence of toxicity with digoxin (Lanoxin)?
hypocalcemia
hypokalemia
hyperkalemia
hypernatremia
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hypocalcemia is not directly linked to digoxin toxicity; rather, it is more associated with calcium channel blockers.
B. Hypokalemia increases the risk of digoxin toxicity, as low potassium levels can enhance the effects of digoxin on the heart.
C. Hyperkalemia is not directly associated with toxicity; however, it can cause complications in patients taking digoxin.
D. Hypernatremia does not have a direct impact on digoxin toxicity; monitoring potassium levels is more critical.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Calcium channel blockers are not typically used to manage flushing associated with niacin.
B. NSAIDs can help with flushing symptoms; however, beta blockers are more commonly used for this purpose.
C. Beta blockers, such as propranolol, are effective in preventing flushing associated with niacin therapy by blocking the vasodilatory effects.
D. Fibric acid derivatives are used to lower triglycerides and cholesterol but do not address flushing caused by niacin.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A pulse oximetry of 92% indicates potential hypoxia but is not a direct contraindication for administering verapamil.
B. A respiratory rate of 12 is not an immediate concern for verapamil; it is considered a normal rate in many cases.
C. A recent history of myocardial infarction does not automatically contraindicate verapamil but should be assessed in the context of the client’s overall health and physician’s orders.
D. A pulse of 78 is within a normal range; however, if the pulse were significantly low (e.g., below 60 bpm), verapamil would generally be held due to its potential to further decrease heart rate.