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The nurse is obtaining a focused interview. Which statements made by the client suggest that the client has an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease? Select all that apply.

"I have cut back on fat and switched to a vegetarian diet."

"I have cut back on my smoking."

"I have been stressed out since my divorce last year."

"I have an occasional glass of wine."

"I have gained 25 pounds over the past year.

Question Solution

Correct Answer : C,E

A) "I have cut back on fat and switched to a vegetarian diet." This statement suggests a positive change in dietary habits, which can lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. A vegetarian diet, particularly if it includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, is associated with a reduced risk of heart disease. Therefore, this statement does not indicate an increased risk.

B) "I have cut back on my smoking." While reducing smoking is a positive step, smoking itself is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the statement indicates an attempt to decrease risk, which does not inherently suggest an increased risk. It may show improvement rather than risk.

C) "I have been stressed out since my divorce last year." Chronic stress is a recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease, as it can lead to behaviors such as poor diet, inactivity, and increased blood pressure. This statement highlights a significant concern for the client’s cardiovascular health.

D) "I have an occasional glass of wine." Moderate alcohol consumption is sometimes associated with cardiovascular benefits. While excessive drinking can pose risks, this statement alone does not indicate an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. It reflects moderation rather than concern.

E) "I have gained 25 pounds over the past year." Weight gain, especially if it leads to obesity, is a significant risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease. This statement indicates a change in health status that could negatively impact the client’s cardiovascular risk profile.

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A. Safety issues with an unsupervised resident in the lounge area B. Onset of cardiac dysfunction C. Onset of new underdiagnosed health problems D. The ability to function during the day may be hindered by these episodes.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Safety issues with an unsupervised resident in the lounge area: While there could be safety concerns related to a resident being in a common area at night, the primary outcome expected from continued insomnia would more directly relate to the individual's functioning rather than immediate safety issues.

B) Onset of cardiac dysfunction: While chronic sleep disturbances can contribute to various health problems, including cardiovascular issues, the immediate outcome of insomnia is more likely to be seen in daily functioning rather than a direct onset of cardiac dysfunction.

C) Onset of new underdiagnosed health problems: While ongoing insomnia may exacerbate existing health issues or lead to new ones over time, the most immediate and observable outcome of insomnia would relate to how it affects daily functioning rather than the development of new health problems.

D) The ability to function during the day may be hindered by these episodes: Insomnia typically leads to increased fatigue, decreased alertness, and impaired cognitive function during the day. As a result, the resident's overall ability to engage in daily activities and interact socially may be significantly hindered by their lack of restorative sleep.

A. Crepitus B. Positive joint sounds C. Grating and popping D. Crackles

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Crepitus: This is the correct term to document the grating sound heard when a joint is moved. Crepitus can indicate issues such as the presence of air in the joint, cartilage degeneration, or other pathologies. Using this specific term provides clarity to the medical record and helps other healthcare providers understand the nature of the joint's condition.

B) Positive joint sounds: This phrase is less specific and does not adequately describe the type of sound noted during the assessment. It may also lead to ambiguity, as it lacks the medical precision that crepitus provides.

C) Grating and popping: While this description conveys what the nurse observed, it is not a standardized medical term. Precise documentation is essential in medical records, and using non-standard language can lead to confusion.

D) Crackles: Typically associated with respiratory assessments, crackles refer to sounds heard in the lungs and are not applicable to joint examinations. Therefore, this term would be inappropriate for documenting findings related to joint movement.

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The nurse is obtaining a focused interview. Which statements made by the client suggest that the client has an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease? Select all that apply.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Take full exam for free The nurse is obtaining a focused interview. Which statements made by the client suggest that the client has an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease? Select all that apply.

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A resident in an assisted-living facility is restless most nights and sits in the lounge area reading. When questioned, the resident reports suffering from insomnia. What should the nurse expect as an outcome if the resident continues with this pattern of sleep?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse assesses a client and finds that a grating sound is present when a joint is bent and straightened. Which term will the nurse use when documenting this finding in the medical record?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse is obtaining a focused interview. Which statements made by the client suggest that the client has an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease? Select all that apply.