The nurse is instructing the parents of a child with sickle cell anemia on safety precautions. What should the nurse emphasize during this teaching?
Treat upper respiratory infections with over-the-counter medication.
Ensure a consistent and daily intake of adequate fluids to prevent dehydration.
Remind parents that the child should avoid immunizations to prevent the introduction of bacteria into the body.
Suggest the child participate in sports activities without restriction.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Treating upper respiratory infections with over-the-counter medication is not recommended for children with sickle cell anemia. These children are at higher risk for infections and complications, and any signs of infection should be promptly evaluated by a healthcare provider.
Choice B rationale
Ensuring a consistent and daily intake of adequate fluids is crucial for preventing dehydration in children with sickle cell anemia. Dehydration can trigger a sickle cell crisis, leading to severe pain and other complications.
Choice C rationale
Avoiding immunizations is incorrect. Children with sickle cell anemia should receive all recommended vaccinations to prevent infections, which can be more severe in these children.
Choice D rationale
Suggesting that the child participate in sports activities without restriction is not advisable. Children with sickle cell anemia should avoid strenuous activities that can lead to dehydration and trigger a sickle cell crisis. .
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Treating upper respiratory infections with over-the-counter medication is not recommended for children with sickle cell anemia. These children are at higher risk for infections and complications, and any signs of infection should be promptly evaluated by a healthcare provider.
Choice B rationale
Ensuring a consistent and daily intake of adequate fluids is crucial for preventing dehydration in children with sickle cell anemia. Dehydration can trigger a sickle cell crisis, leading to severe pain and other complications.
Choice C rationale
Avoiding immunizations is incorrect. Children with sickle cell anemia should receive all recommended vaccinations to prevent infections, which can be more severe in these children.
Choice D rationale
Suggesting that the child participate in sports activities without restriction is not advisable. Children with sickle cell anemia should avoid strenuous activities that can lead to dehydration and trigger a sickle cell crisis. .
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A blood pressure of 90/40 mm Hg, heart rate of 135/min, respirations of 32/min, and an oral temperature of 38°C (100.4°F) indicate potential signs of sepsis or another serious condition. The elevated heart rate and respiratory rate, along with the fever, suggest an infection that requires immediate medical attention.
Choice B rationale
While the vital signs in this option are slightly elevated, they are not as concerning as those in Choice A. The heart rate and respiratory rate are within acceptable ranges for a 2-year-old, and the temperature is only slightly elevated.
Choice C rationale
The vital signs in this option are within normal ranges for a 2-year-old child. There is no immediate cause for concern based on these vital signs.
Choice D rationale
The vital signs in this option are also within acceptable ranges for a 2-year-old child. While the heart rate is slightly elevated, it is not as concerning as the vital signs in Choice A.