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The nurse is giving an intramuscular (IM) injection. Upon aspiration, the nurse notices blood return in the syringe. What should the nurse do?

A.

Give the injection and hold pressure over the site for 3 minutes.

B.

Administer the injection at a slower rate.

C.

Withdraw the needle and prepare the injection again.

D.

Pull the needle back slightly and inject the medication.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Continuing with the injection after seeing blood return increases the risk of injecting into a blood vessel, which is not safe for IM injections.  

 

B. Administering at a slower rate does not address the issue of possible intravascular injection.  

 

C. If blood is aspirated, the correct procedure is to withdraw the needle, dispose of the medication, and prepare a new dose to prevent intravascular administration, as IM injections are meant to be given into muscle tissue, not into a vein.  

 

D. Pulling the needle back slightly is not recommended because it does not ensure that the needle is completely out of the blood vessel.


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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The definition of spirituality does not typically include concepts of fire or giving life; this option does not accurately capture the essence of spirituality.

B. Awareness of one's inner self encompasses the essence of spirituality, focusing on personal beliefs, values, and the search for meaning, which is widely recognized in health care.

C. Spirituality is often considered equally essential to physical needs, especially in holistic approaches to health and well-being, making this statement misleading.

D. Spirituality can have a significant impact on health, influencing coping mechanisms and overall well-being; therefore, labeling it as having a minor effect is not accurate.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Ventricular filling time and diastolic filling time are not formulas used to calculate cardiac output; they pertain to the phases of the cardiac cycle.

B. Cardiac output is calculated by multiplying stroke volume (the amount of blood ejected by the heart with each beat) by heart rate (the number of beats per minute). This formula accurately reflects the overall volume of blood the heart pumps in one minute.

C. Myocardial contractility and myocardial blood flow are important factors in cardiac function but do not directly provide a formula for calculating cardiac output.

D. Preload and afterload are factors that affect stroke volume but are not used to calculate cardiac output directly.

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