The nurse is giving an intramuscular (IM) injection. Upon aspiration, the nurse notices blood return in the syringe. What should the nurse do?
Give the injection and hold pressure over the site for 3 minutes.
Administer the injection at a slower rate.
Withdraw the needle and prepare the injection again.
Pull the needle back slightly and inject the medication.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Continuing with the injection after seeing blood return increases the risk of injecting into a blood vessel, which is not safe for IM injections.
B. Administering at a slower rate does not address the issue of possible intravascular injection.
C. If blood is aspirated, the correct procedure is to withdraw the needle, dispose of the medication, and prepare a new dose to prevent intravascular administration, as IM injections are meant to be given into muscle tissue, not into a vein.
D. Pulling the needle back slightly is not recommended because it does not ensure that the needle is completely out of the blood vessel.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. A Yankauer suction tip catheter is used for suctioning secretions and does not assess cardiac function or afterload.
B. A blood pressure cuff is essential for measuring blood pressure, which can indicate increased afterload through elevated systemic vascular resistance.
C. An oxygen cannula is used for delivering supplemental oxygen and does not provide information about cardiac afterload.
D. A pulse oximeter measures oxygen saturation, which is not directly related to assessing cardiac afterload.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Prolonged stress can weaken the immune system, making patients more susceptible to infections.
B. Prolonged stress typically leads to increased blood pressure due to the body's stress response, rather than low blood pressure.
C. Chronic stress can contribute to the development of diabetes by affecting glucose metabolism and increasing insulin resistance.
D. Allostasis refers to the process of achieving stability through change; prolonged stress can disrupt allostatic balance and lead to health issues.
E. Prolonged stress has been linked to an increased risk of developing certain types of cancer due to its effects on immune function and hormonal balance.